World Bank2014-04-072014-04-072012-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17642This report presents an analysis of the Early Childhood Development (ECD) programs and policies which affect young children in the Kingdom of Tonga. This report is part of a series of reports prepared by the World Bank using the Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)-ECD framework and includes analysis of early learning, health, nutrition and social and child protection policies and interventions in the Kingdom of Tonga and regional and international comparisons. Tonga is a lower-middle-income country with a population of 104,509, of which approximately 13 percent are below the age of 5. SABER-ECD collects, analyzes and disseminates comprehensive information on ECD policies around the world. In each participating country, extensive multi-sectoral information is collected on ECD policies and programs through a desk review of available government documents, data and literature, and interviews with a range of ECD stakeholders, including government officials, service providers, civil society, development partners and scholars. The SABER-ECD framework presents a holistic and integrated assessment of how the overall policy environment in a country affects young children's development. SABER-ECD identifies three core policy goals that countries should address to ensure optimal ECD outcomes: establishing an enabling environment, implementing widely and monitoring and assuring quality. Improving ECD requires an integrated approach to address all three goals.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO HEALTHCAREACCESS TO PRIMARY HEALTH CAREAGE GROUPSAGEDANTENATAL CAREBASIC EDUCATIONBIRTH REGISTRATIONBREAST MILKBREAST MILK SUBSTITUTESBREASTFEEDINGCAPACITY BUILDINGCAREGIVERSCHILD ABUSECHILD DEVELOPMENTCHILD HEALTHCHILD HEALTH SERVICESCHILD NUTRITIONCHILD PROTECTIONCHILDCARECHILDREN WITH DISABILITIESCHURCHESCITIZENSCLASSROOMSCLINICSCOMPULSORY EDUCATIONCOMPULSORY PRIMARY EDUCATIONCOMPULSORY SCHOOLINGCONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILDCURRICULUMCURRICULUM DEVELOPMENTDEATHS OF CHILDRENDEPRESSIONDEVELOPMENT POLICYDIETSDISABILITIESDISABILITYDISABLED CHILDRENDOMESTIC VIOLENCEDRINKING WATEREARLY CHILDHOODEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONEARLY INTERVENTIONEARLY LEARNINGEARLY STIMULATIONECDECD POLICIESEDUCATION EXPENDITURESEDUCATION OF CHILDRENEDUCATION POLICIESEDUCATION PROGRAMSEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SERVICESEDUCATION SYSTEMSEFFECTIVE POLICIESENFORCEMENT MECHANISMSENROLLMENTENROLLMENT DATAENROLLMENT FOR BOYSENROLLMENT RATEENROLLMENT RATESEQUAL RIGHTSEQUITABLE ACCESSESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICESFAMILIESFAMILY SUPPORTFOOD SUPPLEMENTSGERGIRLSGLOBAL HEALTHGOVERNMENT SUPPORTGROSS ENROLLMENTGROSS ENROLLMENT RATESGROWTH MONITORINGHEAD TEACHERSHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICYHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SYSTEMHIGHER ENROLLMENTHIVHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTIMMUNIZATIONIMMUNIZATIONSIMPACT ON CHILDRENINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATESINFORMATION SYSTEMINFORMATION SYSTEMSINHERITANCEINTEGRATED ASSESSMENTINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONINTERVENTIONIODINE DEFICIENCYIRONKINDERGARTENSLAWSLEARNING ACTIVITIESLEARNING OPPORTUNITIESLEGAL PROTECTIONLEGAL STATUSLEGAL SUPPORTLEVEL OF DEVELOPMENTLIFE CYCLELIVE BIRTHSLOW BIRTH WEIGHTMANDATESMARKETINGMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOMATERNITY LEAVEMEDICAL TREATMENTMENTALMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORTALITYMOTHERMOTHER TONGUENATIONAL LAWSNATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL LEVELSNATIONAL POLICIESNATIONAL POLICYNEWBORNNUMBER OF CHILDRENNURSESNUTRITIONOBESITYORPHANSPARENTAL LEAVEPARENTINGPATERNITY LEAVEPATIENTSPHYSICAL HEALTHPLAN OF ACTIONPOLICY DECISIONSPOLICY DEVELOPMENTPOLICY DIALOGUEPOLICY FRAMEWORKPOLICY GOALSPOLICY LEVELPOLICY LEVERPOLICY MAKERSPRACTITIONERSPREGNANCYPREGNANT WOMENPRENATAL CAREPREPRIMARY EDUCATIONPREPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTPREPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRESCHOOL CHILDRENPRESCHOOL CURRICULUMPRESCHOOL PROGRAMSPRESCHOOL TEACHERSPRESCHOOLSPRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENTPRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT RATEPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIMARY HEALTHCAREPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERSPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPROGRESSPROVISION OF CAREPROVISION OF EDUCATIONPUBLIC SERVICEPUPIL RATIOQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY CONTROLQUALITY OF EDUCATIONREGULATORY FRAMEWORKSREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHRESOURCE MOBILIZATIONRIGHT TO EDUCATIONRIGHTS OF CHILDRENRIGHTS OF PERSONSRIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIESRURAL POPULATIONSANITATIONSCREENINGSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVIDERSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE PROVISIONSERVICES FOR CHILDRENSERVICES TO WOMENSEXSITUATION OF WOMENSKILLED ATTENDANTSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL WELFARESOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSPECIAL NEEDSTEACHER TRAININGTEACHERSTEACHINGTEACHING SKILLSTRAINING OPPORTUNITIESUNIVERSAL ACCESSURBAN AREASURBAN POPULATIONURBAN POPULATIONSVACCINATIONVACCINESVIOLENCEVULNERABLE FAMILIESWELLNESSWORKERSWORKING MOTHERSYOUNG AGEYOUNG CHILDRENYOUTH10.1596/17642