World Bank2014-03-282014-03-282013https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17478Woodfuels (firewood and charcoal) are the dominant energy source and the leading forest product for most developing countries. Representing 60 to 80 percent of total wood consumption in these nations, woodfuels often account for 50 to 90 percent of all energy used. Although woodfuels are widely perceived as cheap and primitive sources of energy, commercial woodfuel markets are frequently very large, involve significant levels of finance, and provide an important source of income through the supply chain for the rural poor. However, the woodfuel sector in many developing countries operates informally and inefficiently, using out-dated technology and delivering little official revenue to the government. The unsustainable harvesting of woodfuels to supply large urban and industrial markets can also contribute to forest degradation and deforestation. Given the low carbon development opportunity presented by wood energy, predictions of significant growth in woodfuel demand make it vital that this industry is overhauled and modernized using new technologies, approaches, and governance mechanisms. This report profiles three promising models of commercial forestry that can contribute to modernization and rationalization of the wood energy sector in developing countries: (i) community-based forest management (CBFM), (ii) private woodlots in Sub-Saharan Africa, and (iii) forest replacement associations (FRA) in Latin America.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACTION PLANAFFORESTATIONAFFORESTATION EFFORTSAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTUREAGROFORESTRYALTERNATIVE FUELSATLANTIC FORESTAWARENESS RAISINGBEARBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIODIVERSITY VALUEBIOLOGICAL RESOURCESBIOMASSBIOMASS ENERGYBURNINGCARBONCARBON ECONOMYCARBON NEUTRALCARBON TAXESCASH INCOMECHARCOAL MAKINGCHARCOAL PRODUCTIONCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATIONCOCO2COLLECTIVE ACTIONCOMMERCIAL EXPLOITATIONCOMMERCIAL FORESTRYCOMMUNAL FORESTSCOMMUNITY FORESTCOMMUNITY LANDSCONCESSIONCONFLICT RESOLUTIONCONSERVATION EFFORTSCONSERVATION POLICIESCULTIVATIONDEALERSDEFORESTATIONDEGRADED AREASDEGRADED FORESTSDEGRADED LANDSDROUGHTSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INCENTIVESECONOMIC MOTIVATIONECOSYSTEMELECTRICITYEMISSIONSENERGY POLICYENERGY PRODUCTIONENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTSEROSIONEROSION CONTROLEUCALYPTUSEXOTIC SPECIESEXPOSUREFARM FORESTRYFENCINGFIREWOODFLOODSFLORAFOOD CROPSFORESTFOREST ACCESSFOREST ACTFOREST ADMINISTRATIONFOREST ADMINISTRATIONSFOREST AREASFOREST AUTHORITIESFOREST COMMITTEEFOREST COMMITTEESFOREST CONVERSIONFOREST COVERFOREST COVERAGEFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST ECOSYSTEMSFOREST EXPLOITATIONFOREST FUNDSFOREST GOVERNANCEFOREST HARVESTINGFOREST INSTITUTEFOREST INVENTORYFOREST INVESTMENTFOREST LAWFOREST LAW ENFORCEMENTFOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIESFOREST MANAGEMENT PLANFOREST MANAGEMENT PLANSFOREST MANAGEMENT STRATEGYFOREST OFFICERSFOREST OPERATIONSFOREST OWNERSHIPFOREST PLANTATIONSFOREST PRODUCTFOREST PRODUCTSFOREST PROTECTIONFOREST REGULATIONSFOREST REHABILITATIONFOREST RESOURCEFOREST RESOURCE MANAGEMENTFOREST RESOURCESFOREST SECTORFOREST SERVICEFOREST SERVICESFOREST STEWARDSHIPFOREST STOCKFOREST TECHNOLOGYFOREST USERFORESTRYFORESTRY AGENCYFORESTRY INSTITUTIONSFORESTRY OPERATIONSFORESTRY PRACTICESFORESTRY PROGRAMFORESTRY PROGRAMSFOSSIL FUELFOSSIL FUELSFUELSGENETICGENETIC MATERIALGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATIONGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMGLOBAL BIODIVERSITYGLOBAL DEFORESTATIONHARVESTERSHOUSEHOLD ENERGYILLEGAL HARVESTINGINDIGENOUS FORESTSIRONISSUESLAND ACQUISITIONLAND HOLDINGSLAND TENURELANDOWNERSHIPLARGE TRACTS OF LANDLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASLIVESTOCKLOGSMANAGED FORESTMANAGED FORESTSMARKET PRICESMEDICINAL PLANTSMINESMORATORIUMNATIONAL CONSERVATION POLICIESNATIONAL FORESTNATIONAL FOREST AUTHORITYNATIVE SPECIESNATURAL FORESTNATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENTNATURAL FOREST RESOURCESNATURAL FORESTSNATURAL REGENERATIONNATURAL RESOURCENATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENTNATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIESNATURAL RESOURCESNATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENTNUMBERS OF TREESOILOLIGOPOLYOPPORTUNITY COSTSPASTUREPINEPLANTPLANTINGPOOR LAW ENFORCEMENTPOPULATION GROWTHPOULTRYQUOTASREFORESTATIONREGENERATIONREGIONAL FORESTREGIONAL FOREST SERVICERENEWABLE ENERGYRESERVESRESINSRESTAURANTSRURAL COMMUNITIESSAFETY NETSEEDLING PRODUCTIONSHIFTING CULTIVATIONSILVICULTURESOCIAL FORESTRYSPECIES COMPOSITIONSTATE FORESTSTATE FOREST AGENCIESSTATE FOREST SERVICESTATE FORESTSSUBSISTENCE USESUPPLIERSSUPPLY CHAINSUSTAINABLE EXTRACTIONSUSTAINABLE FORESTSUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE FORESTRYSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENTTIMBERTIMBER FORESTTIMBER FOREST PRODUCTSTIMBER PRODUCTIONTREETREE FARMINGTREE PLANTINGTREESURBAN FORESTRYVILLAGE FORESTVILLAGESWEAK ENFORCEMENTWEAK LAW ENFORCEMENTWOODWOOD CHIPSWOOD ENERGYWOOD FOREST PRODUCTSWOOD MARKETWOOD PRODUCERSWOOD PRODUCTIONWOOD PRODUCTSWOOD RESOURCESWOOD SALESWOOD SHORTAGESWOODLANDWOODLANDS10.1596/17478