Cortez, RafaelAngel-Urdinola, DiegoTanabe, Kimie2013-05-302013-05-302008-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13667Nicaragua has embarked on an ambitious health sector program, which has contributed to significant progress in the health sector over the past decade. Health indicators show gradual but steady improvements: access to basic services such as clean water and sanitation facilities has improved, as have other related performance indicators such as life expectancy, infant/child mortality, immunization rates, and child nutrition among others. Despite these achievements, there are still large inequities in access and quality of health services across socioeconomic groups and regions. Poor individuals living in rural areas (especially in the Central and Atlantic regions), the indigenous population, and individuals living in households engaged in agriculture have average access to health care services and preventive care. The lack of risk mitigation mechanisms such as insurance and social security is causing users in Nicaragua to spend, out-of-pocket, a significant share of their income on health care, especially to buy medications and other non-consultation items such as medical tests. Long distances, lack of medicines, and high costs and other demand-side factors (such as self-prescription) constitute the main constraints causing poor and sick individuals to seek informal care or not to seek care at all.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNINGACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICESADOLESCENT HEALTHADOLESCENT MOTHERSADULT EDUCATIONAGEDAIDSALLOCATION OF RESOURCESBABIESBASIC HEALTH CAREBREAST-FEEDINGBREASTFEEDINGBULLETINCAUSE OF DISABILITYCHILD CARECHILD HEALTHCHILD HEALTH CARECHILD HEALTH SERVICESCHILD MORBIDITYCHILD MORTALITYCHILD NUTRITIONCHILD-BEARINGCHILDBIRTHCHILDRENCHILDREN PER WOMANCHRONIC CONDITIONSCLINICSCONDOMSCONTRACEPTIONCOSTSDEMANDDIETDIPHTHERIADOCTORSDOMESTIC VIOLENCEECONOMIC STATUSEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTELDERLYEMERGENCIESEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEPIDEMICEQUITYESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICESEXPENDITURESFAMILIESFAMILY HEALTHFAMILY PLANNINGFAMILY PLANNING SERVICESFERTILITY RATEFERTILITY RATESFINANCINGGENDER GAPHEALTHHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE FACILITIESHEALTH CARE PROVIDERHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CARE SYSTEMSHEALTH CARE UTILIZATIONHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PLANHEALTH POLICYHEALTH POSTSHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH PROMOTIONHEALTH PROVIDERSHEALTH REFORMSHEALTH RISKSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICEHEALTH SERVICE DELIVERYHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTH TARGETSHEALTH WORKERSHETEROSEXUAL CONTACTHIVHIV/AIDSHOSPITALHOSPITAL BEDSHOSPITALIZATIONHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD SIZEHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESILLNESSILLNESSESIMMUNIZATIONIMPROVEMENT OF WOMENINCIDENCEINCOMEINDIGENOUS GROUPSINDIGENOUS PEOPLEINDIGENOUS POPULATIONSINEQUITIESINFANTINFANT HEALTHINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFANT MORTALITY RATESINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFERTILITYINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINTERNETINTERVENTIONIRONKEY HEALTH INTERVENTIONSKNOWLEDGELABOR FORCELAWSLESS FORMAL EDUCATIONLEVEL OF DEVELOPMENTLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVE BIRTHSMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL HEALTH CAREMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATESMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOMEASLESMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL EDUCATIONMEDICAL FACILITYMEDICAL TESTSMEDICAL TREATMENTMEDICINESMENTAL HEALTHMIDWIFEMIDWIFESMIDWIVESMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINISTRY OF HEALTHMODERNIZATIONMORBIDITYMORTALITYMOTHERNATAL CARENATIONAL HEALTH POLICYNATIONAL LEVELNEONATAL HEALTHNEONATAL MORTALITYNUMBER OF CHILDRENNURSESNURSINGNUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCYOUTPATIENT CAREOUTREACH ACTIVITIESPATIENTSPEOPLEPHYSICAL ACTIVITYPHYSICIANSPOLICIESPOLICY DIALOGUEPOLIOPOOR FAMILIESPOPULATIONPOPULATION GROUPSPOSTPARTUM CAREPOVERTYPREGNANCYPREGNANT WOMENPREVENTIONPREVENTIVE HEALTH CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIMARY HEALTH SERVICESPROBABILITYPROGRESSPROVISION OF SERVICESPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITUREPUBLIC HOSPITALSPUBLICATIONSQUALITY OF HEALTHQUALITY OF HEALTH CAREQUALITY SERVICESREDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITYREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICESREPRODUCTIVE NEEDSRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESPECTRESPIRATORY DISEASESRISKSRURAL AREASRURAL WOMENSANITATIONSANITATION FACILITIESSECONDARY EDUCATIONSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE UTILIZATIONSEXUAL RELATIONSSEXUAL VIOLENCESOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL SECTORSSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL WORKERSSPOUSESTRATEGYSUICIDETEENTEEN PREGNANCYTEENAGE PREGNANCYTERTIARY EDUCATIONTETANUSTRAININGTRANSPORTATIONTUBERCULOSISUNDER-FIVE MORTALITYUNIVERSAL ACCESSURBAN AREASUSE OF CONDOMSUSE OF RESOURCESVIOLENCEVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMENVULNERABLE POPULATIONSWOMEN OF CHILD-BEARING AGEWORKERSWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONYOUNG MOTHERSYOUNG WOMENWorld Bankhttps://doi.org/10.1596/13667