World Bank2013-03-242013-03-242012-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12878The United Republic of Tanzania has a severe vitamin and mineral deficiency problem. Every year deficiencies in iron, vitamin A and folic acid cost the country over US$ 518 million, around 2.65 % of the country's GDP. Beyond the economic losses, vitamin and mineral deficiencies are a significant contributor to infant mortality, with over 27,000 infant and 1,600 maternal deaths annually attributable to this cause.2 In fact, if all of these deaths could be avoided, the infant mortality rate (IMR) in Tanzania could be reduced to 41.5 per 1,000 population, which would virtually ensure achievement of the MDG goal for IMR (40/1,000). To reduce this huge annual loss, an integrated national vitamin and mineral deficiency control programme is needed which is embedded in the national nutrition policy. Food fortification or enrichment should be an integral but not the only part of such a programme.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADOLESCENTSADULT POPULATIONAGEDAGRICULTUREANAEMIAANEMIAANEMIA PREVALENCEANIMAL FOODSANTENATAL CAREANTENATAL VISITSASCORBIC ACIDBABIESBAKINGBANANASBEHAVIOR CHANGEBIRTH DEFECTSBLINDNESSBREAST MILKBREASTFEEDINGCALCIUMCASSAVACHILD DEATHSCHILD MORTALITYCHILD-BEARINGCHILDBEARINGCOMMUNITY HEALTHCOMPLEMENTARY FOODSCOOKINGDEVELOPMENT GOALSDIETDIETARY DIVERSIFICATIONDIETSDISABILITIESDISCRIMINATIONEARLY CHILDHOODECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC STATUSEDIBLE OILSFAMILIESFATSFEEDINGFEEDING PROGRAMMESFLOUR PRODUCTIONFOLIC ACIDFOLIC ACID DEFICIENCYFOOD CONSUMPTIONFOOD CONTROLFOOD ENRICHMENTFOOD FORTIFICATIONFOOD INDUSTRYFOOD INSECURITYFOOD INSPECTIONFOOD PREPARATIONFOOD PROCESSORSFOOD PRODUCERSFOOD QUALITYFOOD SCIENCEFORTIFIED FOODSFRUITSGENDER EQUALITYGOITERGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH RETARDATIONHAZARDHCHEALTH POLICYHEALTH SECTORHEALTH STATUSHIVHIV/AIDSHORMONESHOSPITALHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD LEVELHUMAN CAPITALHUNGERHYPERTENSIONHYPOTHYROIDISMIFPRIIMRINFANTINFANT DEATHSINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFANT MORTALITY RATESINFANTSINFECTIONINFECTIOUS DISEASESINTERVENTIONINTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATIONIODINEIODINE DEFICIENCIESIODINE DEFICIENCYIODINE DEFICIENCY CONTROLIODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERSIRONIRON DEFICIENCYIRON SUPPLEMENTSLABOR FORCELACK OF AWARENESSLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVE BIRTHSLOW BIRTH WEIGHTMAIZEMALARIAMALNUTRITIONMALNUTRITION IN CHILDRENMARGARINEMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOMEALMEASLESMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIESMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCYMICRONUTRIENT INTERVENTIONSMICRONUTRIENT MALNUTRITIONMICRONUTRIENTSMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMILLING INDUSTRYMILLSMINERALMINERALSMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORBIDITYMUNICIPAL AUTHORITIESNATIONAL HEALTH POLICYNATIONAL STRATEGYNEURAL TUBE DEFECTSNTDSNUTRIENTNUTRIENT CONTENTNUTRIENT INTAKENUTRITIONNUTRITION EDUCATIONNUTRITION POLICYNUTRITION PROBLEMSNUTRITION SURVEYSNUTRITIONAL STATUSPATIENTSPERINATAL MORTALITYPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTPLAN OF ACTIONPOPULATION DATAPOPULATION GROUPSPOPULATION PROJECTIONSPOTASSIUMPREGNANCIESPREGNANCYPREGNANCY OUTCOMESPREGNANT WOMENPREMATURE DEATHPRESS CONFERENCEPRIMARY SCHOOLPRODUCTIVITYPROGRESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMPUBLIC POLICYQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY CONTROLRADIOREFINERYRISK FACTORSRISK GROUPSRURAL AREASRURAL POPULATIONSSALT IODIZATIONSCHOOL AGESCHOOL CHILDRENSCREENINGSOCIAL MARKETINGSOCIAL WELFARESODIUMSOFT DRINKSSTAPLE FOODSSTUNTINGSUGARTUBERCULOSISTVURBAN AREASVACCINATIONVEGETABLESVITAMINVITAMIN AVITAMIN A DEFICIENCIESVITAMIN A DEFICIENCYVITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATIONVITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTSVITAMIN BVITAMIN B12VITAMIN CVITAMIN DVITAMIN EVITAMINSVULNERABLE GROUPSWFPWHEATWHEAT FLOURWOMEN OF CHILD-BEARING AGEWOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGEWORKFORCEWORLD FOOD PROGRAMWORLD FOOD PROGRAMMEWORLD FOOD SUMMITWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWORLD SUMMIT FOR CHILDRENYOUNG CHILDRENZINC DEFICIENCYWorld Bank10.1596/12878