Elizondo Azuela, GabrielaBarroso, Luiz Augusto2012-07-312012-07-312012978-0-8213-9602-5https://hdl.handle.net/10986/9379This report summarizes the results of a recent review of the emerging experience with the design and implementation of policy instruments to promote the development of renewable energy (RE) in a sample of six representative developing countries and transition economies ('developing countries') (World Bank 2010). The review focused mainly on price- and quantity-setting policies, but it also covered fiscal and financial incentives, as well as relevant market facilitation measures. The lessons learned were taken from the rapidly growing literature and reports that analyze and discuss RE policy instruments in the context of different types of power market structures. The analysis considered all types of grid-connected RE options except large hydropower: wind (on-shore and off-shore), solar (photovoltaic and concentrated solar power), small hydropower (SHP) (with capacities below 30 megawatts), biomass, bioelectricity (cogeneration), landfill gas, and geothermal. The six countries selected for the review included Brazil, India, Indonesia, Nicaragua, Sri Lanka, and Turkey.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYALLOCATIONALLOWANCESANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONSAPPROACHAUCTIONAUCTION MECHANISMAUCTION MECHANISMSAUCTION SYSTEMAUCTIONSBALANCEBALANCE SHEETBANK LOANBARRIERS TO ENTRYBATTERIESBIDBIDSBIOMASSBIOMASS HARVESTINGBLACK MARKETBONDSCALCULATIONCAPACITY FACTORCAPACITY FACTORSCAPACITY INVESTMENTSCAPITAL COSTSCARBON MARKETCARBON MARKETSCARBON TAXCARBON TAXESCERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONSCLEAN ENERGYCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECOCO2COALCOGENERATIONCOLORSCOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMPETITIVE AUCTIONCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGSCOMPETITIVE TENDERSCOMPETITIVENESSCONCENTRATESCONFLICT OF INTERESTCONVENTIONAL ENERGYDEBTDEBT RATIODEFICITSDEPOSITDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRYDEVELOPMENT BANKDIESELDIFFUSIONDOMESTIC MARKETSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC EFFICIENCYECONOMIC GROWTHELECTRIC VEHICLESELECTRICITYELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITYELECTRICITY MARKETSELECTRICITY PRICEELECTRICITY PRICESELECTRICITY SYSTEMEMISSIONEMISSIONSEMPLOYMENTENERGY DEVELOPMENTENERGY ECONOMICSENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATIONENERGY MANAGEMENTENERGY MARKETSENERGY MIXENERGY NEEDSENERGY POLICIESENERGY SOURCESEQUIPMENTEXCHANGE RATEFEASIBILITYFINANCIAL BURDENFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTSFOSSILFOSSIL FUELFOSSIL FUELSFREE MARKETFUEL OILFUEL PRICEFUEL PRICESGASGAS PRICESGENERATING CAPACITYGENERATIONGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATION MIXGEOTHERMAL CAPACITYGREEN POWERGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSE GASESGRID CONNECTIONGRID INTEGRATIONGROSS NATIONAL INCOMEHOT WATERHYDROLOGYHYDROPOWERINCOMEINCOME TAXINFLATIONINFORMATION ASYMMETRIESINSTRUMENTINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL FINANCEINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT DECISIONSINVESTMENT FLOWSJOBSLAND USELANDFILLLANDFILL GASLEGAL FRAMEWORKSLEVEL OF RISKSLOW-CARBONMACROECONOMIC CONDITIONSMARKET CONDITIONSMARKET CONFIDENCEMARKET DESIGNMARKET DEVELOPMENTMARKET ENTRYMARKET FAILURESMARKET FLUCTUATIONSMARKET FORCESMARKET LIBERALIZATIONMARKET PARTICIPANTSMARKET PRICEMARKET PRICESMARKET SHAREMARKET STRUCTUREMARKET STRUCTURESMARKET TRENDSMATURITYMONOPOLYNATURAL GASNET COSTOILOIL PRICEOIL PRICESPENALTIESPHOTOVOLTAICSPOLICY MAKERSPOLITICAL STABILITYPORTFOLIOPOWERPOWER GENERATIONPOWER PRODUCERPOWER PRODUCERSPOWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTSPOWER SECTORPOWER SECTORSPOWER SUPPLYPOWER SYSTEMPREMIUM PRICEPRESENT VALUEPRICE FLUCTUATIONSPRICE FORMATIONPRICE SPIKESPRICE VOLATILITYPRIVATE INVESTMENTPURCHASINGREGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVEREGULATORY FRAMEWORKSREGULATORY POLICIESRELEVANT MARKETRENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE ENERGY CAPACITYRENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENTRENEWABLE ENERGY MARKETRENEWABLE ENERGY POLICYRENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESRENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESRENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARDRENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARDSRESERVERESERVE MARGINRESOURCE ECONOMICSRETAILRULE OF LAWSMALL HYDROPOWERSOFT LOANSSOLAR POWERSPOT MARKETSPOT PRICESPOT PRICESSUGARCANESUPPLIERSSUSTAINABLE ENERGYSUSTAINABLE ENERGY PRODUCTIONTARIFF DESIGNTAX CREDITSTAX EXEMPTIONSTAX INCENTIVESTAX POLICYTOTAL COSTTRADINGTRADING SYSTEMTRADING SYSTEMSTRANCHESTRANSACTIONTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSITION ECONOMIESTRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTUREUNEPUTILITIESWINDWIND CAPACITYWIND DATAWIND DEVELOPERSWIND ENERGYWIND GENERATIONWIND INSTALLATIONSWIND POWERWIND POWER DEVELOPMENTWIND PROJECTSWIND SPEEDWIND TURBINESWORLD MARKETWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-9602-5