Martin, Will2012-06-252012-06-252005-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8908Many policy makers are concerned about dependence on resource exports. This paper examines four changes that reduce this dependence: (i) accumulation of capital and skills; (ii) changes in protection policy, particularly reductions in the burden of protection on exporters; (iii) differential rates of technical change; and (iv) declines in transport costs. Developing countries as a group have made enormous progress in diversifying their exports away from resources in recent decades, a development that appears to have been aided by accumulation of capital and skills and by dramatic reductions in the cost of protection to exporters, but slowed down by technological advances that favored agriculture.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTADVERSE EFFECTSADVERSE IMPACTSAGRICULTURAL OUTPUTAGRICULTUREBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBALANCE OF TRADEBORROWINGCAPITAL ACCUMULATIONCAPITAL STOCKCLOSED ECONOMYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPENSATING VARIATIONCONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKCONSUMER DEMANDCONSUMER PREFERENCESCURRENT ACCOUNTDEFLATORSDERIVATIVESDEVALUATIONDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT POLICYDEVELOPMENT RESEARCHDIVERSIFICATIONEARNINGSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GEOGRAPHYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC THEORYELASTICITIESELASTICITY OF DEMANDEMPIRICAL STUDIESENDOWMENTSEQUILIBRIUMEXCHANGE RATEEXCHANGE RATE APPRECIATIONEXCHANGE RATE DEVALUATIONEXOGENOUS VARIABLESEXPENDITUREEXPENDITURESEXPLOITATIONEXPORTSFOREIGN EXCHANGEFOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETFOREIGN EXCHANGE RATEFOREIGN EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONSGDPGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELGROWTH MODELSGROWTH RATEHUMAN CAPITALINCOMEINCOME COUNTRIESINCOME EFFECTSINCOME INEQUALITYINDUSTRIALIZATIONINPUT USEINPUT-OUTPUTINPUT-OUTPUT TABLESINTERMEDIATE INPUTSLINKAGESMANIFESTSMARKET DISTORTIONSMARKET FAILURESMONOPOLIESNATURAL RESOURCESNET IMPORTSOILOPEN ECONOMIESOUTPUTSOVERVALUATIONPOLICY MAKERSPRICE CHANGESPRICE ELASTICITYPRICE ELASTICITY OF SUPPLYPRODUCERSPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGYPRODUCTIVITYPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROFITABILITYPUBLIC GOODSQUOTASREAL EXCHANGE RATERENEWABLE RESOURCESRESOURCE USESTATE TRADINGSTOCKSSTRUCTURAL CHANGESUBSTITUTION EFFECTTARIFF BARRIERSTECHNICAL CHANGETECHNOLOGICAL CHANGETERMS OF TRADETIME SERIESTRADE BARRIERSTRADE REFORMSUNEMPLOYMENTVOLATILITYVULNERABILITYWAGESWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-3482