Karacaovali, BaybarsBown, Chad P.Tovar, Patricia2014-06-262014-06-262014-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18787Two of the most important trade policy developments to take place since the 1980s are the expansion of preferential trade agreements and temporary trade barriers, such as antidumping, safeguards, and countervailing duties. Despite the empirical importance of preferential trade agreements and temporary trade barriers and the common feature that each can independently have quite discriminatory elements, relatively little is known about the nature of any relationships between them. This paper surveys the literature on some of the political-economic issues that can arise at the intersection of preferential trade agreements and temporary trade barriers and uses four case studies to illustrate variation in how countries apply the World Trade Organization's global safeguards policy instrument. The four examples include recent policies applied by a variety of types of countries and under different agreements: large and small countries, high-income and emerging economies, and free trade areas and customs unions. The analysis reveals important measurement and identification challenges for research that seeks to find evidence of systematic relationships between the formation of preferential trade agreements, the political-economic implications of their implementation, and the use of subsequent temporary trade barriers.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOAD VALOREMAD VALOREM DUTYAGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDSANTIDUMPINGANTIDUMPING FILINGSANTIDUMPING LAWSANTIDUMPING MEASURESANTIDUMPING POLICYAPPARELAPPELLATE BODYAPPLIED TARIFFAVERAGE TARIFFSBILATERAL SAFEGUARDSBILATERAL TRADEBOUND TARIFFBUSINESS CYCLESCASE LAWCOMPETITIVENESSCONSTITUENT TERRITORIESCONTINGENT PROTECTIONCONTRACTING PARTIESCONTROL VARIABLESCOUNTERVAILING DUTIESCOUNTERVAILING DUTYCOUNTERVAILING DUTY ACTIVITYCOUNTERVAILING MEASURESCROSS-COUNTRY STUDYCURRENCYCUSTOMSCUSTOMS UNIONCUSTOMS UNIONSDEFINITIVE SAFEGUARD MEASURESDEVALUATIONDIFFERENTIAL TREATMENTDISCRIMINATORY TRADE POLICIESDISPUTE SETTLEMENTDISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCESSDISPUTESDOMESTIC INDUSTRYDOWNWARD RIGIDITIESECONOMIC EFFICIENCYECONOMIC INTEGRATIONECONOMIC POLICYEUROPEAN UNIONEXPORT GROWTHEXPORT INDUSTRIESEXPORTSEXTERNAL TRADEEXTERNAL TRADE BARRIERSFOREIGN EXPORTERSFOREIGN SOURCESFOREIGN SUPPLIERSFREE TRADEFREE TRADE AGREEMENTFREE TRADE AREASFREE-TRADE AGREEMENTSGLOBAL MARKETSGLOBAL TRADINGIMPORTIMPORT DATAIMPORT DUTYIMPORT GROWTHIMPORT PRICESIMPORT PRODUCTIMPORT PROTECTIONIMPORT RESTRICTIONIMPORT SURGEIMPORT SURGESIMPORT TARIFFIMPORTED PRICEIMPORTED PRODUCTSINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC LAWINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICSINTERNATIONAL TRADEINTERNATIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTSLEGAL ENTITYLIBERALIZATIONSLOBBYINGMACROECONOMIC SHOCKSMARKET POWERMARKET SHAREMARKET SHARESMARKET STRUCTURESMULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATIONMULTILATERAL TARIFFSMULTILATERAL TRADEMULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATIONOPTIMAL TARIFFSPOLICY INSTRUMENTPOLICY RESEARCHPREFERENTIAL TARIFFPREFERENTIAL TARIFF TREATMENTPREFERENTIAL TARIFFSPREFERENTIAL TRADEPREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTPREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTSPREFERENTIAL TRADE LIBERALIZATIONPRICE OF IMPORTSPROTECTIONISMREAL EXCHANGE RATESRECESSIONREGIONAL TRADEREGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTSREGIONALISMROUND AGREEMENTSSAFEGUARD INVESTIGATIONSAFEGUARD MEASURESAFEGUARD MEASURESTARIFF BINDINGTARIFF CHANGESTARIFF PROTECTIONTARIFF RATETARIFF RATE QUOTATARIFF REDUCTIONSTARIFF REFORMTARIFF SCHEDULETARIFFS ON IMPORTSTOTAL IMPORTSTRADE AREATRADE BARRIERTRADE BARRIERSTRADE DIVERSIONTRADE EFFECTSTRADE FLOWSTRADE FORUMTRADE LIBERALISATIONTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE NEGOTIATORSTRADE OBJECTIVESTRADE POLICIESTRADE POLICYTRADE POLICY DEVELOPMENTSTRADE POLICY INSTRUMENTSTRADE REFORMTRADE REMEDIESTRADE REMEDYTRADE RESTRICTIONTRADE RESTRICTIONSTRADING PARTNERTRADING PARTNERSTRADING SYSTEMUNILATERAL LIBERALIZATIONUPWARD PRESSUREWORLD ECONOMYWORLD TRADEWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWORLD TRADING SYSTEMZERO TARIFF10.1596/1813-9450-6898