Izvorski, Ivailo V.Kahkonen, SatuIzvorski, Ivailo2012-05-242012-05-242008978-0-8213-7450-4https://hdl.handle.net/10986/6370This report reviews the level, composition and outcomes of government spending and distills some of the lessons that emerge from efforts by the Southeast Europe (SEE) countries in reforming expenditure policies. The report identifies key remaining challenges and proposes a broad menu of options in further reforms of sectors that account for the largest shares of public spending across the countries, and where reforms are likely to have significant budgetary implications. This has motivated the choice of sectors discussed in the report: social protection (including pensions), health, education, public administration, and infrastructure.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTINGALLOCATIONAVERAGE GROWTHBANKSBASIC PENSIONBENEFICIARIESBEST PRACTICEBORROWINGBUDGETARY FUNDBUDGETARY IMPLICATIONSCAPITAL EXPENDITURECAPITAL EXPENDITURESCAPITAL SPENDINGCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCIVIL SERVICECIVIL SERVICE PAYCIVIL SERVICE SALARYCOMPETITIVE BIDSCONTINGENT LIABILITIESCONTRIBUTIONCONTRIBUTION RATESCONTRIBUTION SCHEMECONTRIBUTIONSCOST RECOVERYCOST-EFFECTIVENESSCOUNTRY ECONOMISTSCREDITSCURRENCYCURRENT ACCOUNTCURRENT EXPENDITURECURRENT EXPENDITURESCURRICULADATA AVAILABILITYDEBTDEBT SUSTAINABILITYDECENTRALIZATIONDEPOSITSDEVELOPMENT BANKDIRECT INVESTMENTDISABILITYDOMESTIC CREDITDOMESTIC DEBTEARLY RETIREMENTECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC CLASSIFICATIONECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC MANAGEMENTECONOMIC RECOVERYEDUCATION EXPENDITURESEDUCATION POLICYEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTSEFFICIENCY OF RESOURCE USEEQUITY ISSUESETHNIC GROUPETHNIC GROUPSEXPENDITURE ADJUSTMENTSEXPENDITURE CUTSEXPENDITURE POLICIESEXTERNAL DEBTEXTERNAL IMBALANCESFINANCESFINANCIAL ASSISTANCEFINANCING ARRANGEMENTSFISCAL ADJUSTMENTFISCAL CONSOLIDATIONFISCAL COSTFISCAL DEFICITFISCAL DEFICITSFISCAL ENVELOPEFISCAL POLICIESFISCAL POLICYFISCAL POSITIONSFISCAL PRESSURESFISCAL REFORMSFISCAL SUSTAINABILITYFISCAL SYSTEMFOREIGN BORROWINGFOREIGN CURRENCYFOREIGN GRANTSFUND MANAGERSGENERAL PUBLICGOVERNMENT DEBTGOVERNMENT EXPENDITUREGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURESGOVERNMENT FINANCEGOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICSGOVERNMENT GUARANTEESGOVERNMENT REVENUESGOVERNMENT SPENDINGGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHEALTH CAREHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FINANCINGHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INSURANCE FUNDHEALTH INSURANCE FUNDSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SPENDINGHOUSEHOLD INCOMEINCOMEINCOME LEVELSINCOME TAXINCOME TAXESINCOMESINFLATIONINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINSURANCE SCHEMESINTEREST PAYMENTSINVESTMENT MANAGEMENTLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIVING STANDARDSLOANMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMACROECONOMIC STABILIZATIONMANDATORY CONTRIBUTIONMARKET ECONOMIESMARKETINGMEDIUM ENTERPRISESNATIONAL AUTHORITIESNATIONAL BANKOLD-AGEORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURESPENSIONPENSION CONTRIBUTIONPENSION REFORMPENSION SYSTEMPENSION SYSTEMSPENSIONERSPENSIONSPENSIONS SYSTEMSPERSONAL INCOMEPERSONAL INCOME TAXESPERVERSE INCENTIVESPOLICY COMMITMENTSPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRIVATE FINANCINGPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SPENDINGPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICYPUBLIC EXPENDITURESPUBLIC FINANCESPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC PENSIONPUBLIC PENSIONSPUBLIC PROVISIONPUBLIC REVENUESPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENTPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SPENDINGPURCHASING POWERRAPID DEVELOPMENTRECESSIONREFORM AGENDAREFORM EFFORTSREFORM PROCESSRESPONSIBILITIESRETIREDRETIREMENTRETIREMENT AGERETIREMENT AGESRETIREMENT PERIODROAD NETWORKSALARIESSALESSALES TAXESSAVINGSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSENIORSERVICE DELIVERYSIZE OF GOVERNMENTSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL BENEFITSSOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONSSOCIAL INSURANCESOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONSOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONSSOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL WELFARESOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMSSTRUCTURAL REFORMSSUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTSSUPPORT PROGRAMSSUSTAINABILITY ANALYSISTAX BURDENTAX RATETAX RATESTAX REVENUESTAXPAYERSTRANSPARENCYTREASURY SYSTEMSUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITSVALUABLEWAGEWAGE EXPENDITURESWAGESWELFARE BENEFITSWORKING AGEWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7450-4