Portale, ElisaGhosh Banerjee, SudeshnaAdair-Rohani, HeatherBonjour, Sophie2014-05-272014-05-272014-05-15https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18414The World Health Organization estimates that in 2012 about 4.3 million deaths occurred because of exposure to household air pollution caused by smoke from the incomplete combustion of fuels such as wood, coal, and kerosene. Inefficient energy use in the home also poses substantial risks to safety, causing burns and injuries across the developing world. To support the achievement of these goals, a starting point must be set, indicators developed, and a framework established to track those indicators until 2030. The World Bank and International Energy Agency have led a consortium of 15 international agencies to produce data on access to nonsolid fuel for the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework. Launched in 2013, the framework defines access to modern cooking solutions is as the use of nonsolid fuels for the primary method of cooking. Nonsolid fuels include (i) liquid fuels (for example, kerosene, ethanol, or other biofuels), (ii) gaseous fuels (such as natural gas, LPG, and biogas), and (iii) electricity. These are in contrast to solid fuels such as (i) traditional biomass (wood, charcoal, agricultural residues, and dung), (ii) processed biomass (pellets, briquettes); and (iii) other solid fuels (such as coal and lignite).en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOaccess to electricityaccess to modern energyagricultural residuesairair pollutionbiogasBlack carbonBOTTOM LINEbriquettesburning coalCarbonCarbon dioxideclimateclimate changecoCO2coalcombustioncombustion of fuelsdistribution of energyelectricityemissionsenergy consumersenergy consumptionenergy developmentenergy efficiencyenergy generationenergy industriesenergy mixEnergy Outlookenergy policiesenergy systemsenergy useethanolfossilfossil fuelsFuelfuel usegas networksgaseous fuelsGeneration capacitygreenhousegreenhouse gasgreenhouse gas emissionsGreenhouse Gas Inventorygreenhouse gaseshealth riskheatheat generationhousehold cookingHousehold EnergyincomeInternational Energy Agencykeroseneliquid fuelsLiving Standardsmethanenatural gasoilpelletspetroleumPhpipelineprimary fuelrenewable energyrenewable portfolio standardrenewable sourcessmokesolid fuelssource of energySustainable Energytraditional biomasstransmission systemurban areasurban populationutilitieswastewindwind powerwind power capacitywind sitesWorld EnergyWorld Energy OutlookBrief10.1596/18414