Ikegami, NaokiIkegami, Naoki2014-10-102014-10-102014-09-25978-1-4648-0408-3https://hdl.handle.net/10986/20412In 2011, Japan celebrated the 50th anniversary of its own achievement of universal health coverage (UHC). On this occasion, the government of Japan and the World Bank conceived the idea of undertaking a multi-country study to respond to this growing demand by sharing rich and varied country experiences from countries at different stages of adopting and implementing UHC strategies, including Japan itself. This led to the formation of a joint Japan-World Bank research team under the Japan-World Bank partnership program for UHC. The program was set up as a two-year multi-country study to help fill the gap in knowledge about the policy decisions and implementation processes that countries undertake when they adopt UHC goals. This report brings together 10 in-depth studies on different aspects of Japan's UHC experience, using a common framework for analysis focused on the political economy of UHC reform, and the policies and strategies for addressing challenges in health financing and human resources for health. Japan's commitment to UHC played a key role in the country's economic recovery after World War second, and helped ensure that the benefits of economic growth were shared equitably across the population.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABILITY TO PAYACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HOSPITALACUTE CAREAGE DISTRIBUTIONAGEDAGINGALLEVIATION OF POVERTYBEDSBIG CITIESBIG CITYCAPITAL COSTSCAUSES OF DEATHCITIESCITIZENSCLINICAL AUTONOMYCLINICAL PRACTICECLINICSCOMMUNITY HEALTHCONTRIBUTION RATESCOST CONTROLCOST OF MEDICAL CAREDEBTDELIVERY OF HEALTH CAREDELIVERY SYSTEMDEMOCRACYDIABETESDIAGNOSISDIALYSISDIETDISEASE CONTROLDISEASESDOCTORSDRUGSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INEQUALITYECONOMIC PROSPERITYEFFECTIVE POLICIESELDERLYEMERGENCY CAREEMERGENCY ROOMENROLLEESFAMILIESFEE FOR SERVICEFEE SCHEDULEFEE-FOR-SERVICEFEE-FOR-SERVICE PAYMENTSFINANCIAL PROTECTIONFINANCIAL RESOURCESFRAIL OLDER PEOPLEFREE CAREGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS NATIONAL INCOMEHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE COSTSHEALTH CARE EXPENDITURESHEALTH CARE FACILITYHEALTH CARE FINANCEHEALTH CARE FINANCINGHEALTH CARE POLICYHEALTH CARE REFORMHEALTH CARE REFORMSHEALTH CARE RESOURCESHEALTH CARE SPENDINGHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CARE UTILIZATIONHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH COVERAGEHEALTH DATAHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FINANCINGHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGEHEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEMHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH LAWHEALTH POLICIESHEALTH POLICYHEALTH PROGRAMSHEALTH RISKSHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SPENDINGHEALTH STRATEGYHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTH WORKERSHEALTH WORKFORCEHOSPITAL ASSOCIATIONSHOSPITAL BEDSHOSPITAL CAREHOSPITAL ROOMSHOSPITALIZATIONHOSPITALSHUMAN RESOURCESILLNESSINCOMEINCOME CEILINGINCOME COUNTRIESINCOME INEQUALITYINDEXESINDUSTRIAL POLLUTIONINDUSTRIALIZATIONINFORMAL SECTORINPATIENT CAREINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONALIZATIONINSURANCE PLANINSURANCE PREMIUMINSURANCE SYSTEMSINSURERSLEGAL STATUSLEGISLATORSLIFE EXPECTANCYLIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTHLOCAL GOVERNMENTSLOCAL HEALTH CENTERSLONG-TERM CARELOW INCOMEMEASLESMEDIA ATTENTIONMEDICAL ASSOCIATIONMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL EXPENDITURESMEDICAL SCHOOLMEDICAL SERVICESMIDWIVESMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORTALITYMUMPSMUTUAL AIDNATIONAL COUNCILNATIONAL GOALSNATIONAL GOVERNMENTNATIONAL HEALTHNATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCENATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL SECURITYNURSENURSESNURSINGNURSING HOMESNUTRITIONOLD-AGEOLDER PEOPLEPATIENTPATIENTSPEDIATRICSPENSIONSPHYSICIANPHYSICIANSPOCKET PAYMENTSPOLICY CHANGEPOLICY DECISIONSPOLICY GOALSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY PROCESSPOLIOPOLIO VACCINEPOLITICAL LEADERSHIPPOLITICAL OPPOSITIONPOLITICAL PARTIESPOLITICAL PARTYPOPULAR SUPPORTPOPULATION GROUPSPRACTITIONERSPRESCHOOL CHILDRENPREVENTABLE DISEASESPREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICESPRIMARY CAREPRIVATE HOSPITALSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTORSPROGRESSPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH CAREPUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONSPUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMSPUBLIC HOSPITALSPUBLIC OPINIONPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SPENDINGPURCHASING POWERPURCHASING POWER PARITYQUALITY OF CAREREHABILITATIONREMEDIESRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRICHER PEOPLERISING DEMANDRUBELLARURAL AREASRURAL HOSPITALSSCREENINGSERVICE DELIVERYSOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCESOCIAL INSURANCESOCIAL MOVEMENTSSOCIAL SECURITYSTATE POLICIESSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTERTIARY LEVELSTRADE NEGOTIATIONSTREATMENTSTREATYTUBERCULOSISUNEMPLOYMENTUNIONSURBAN AREASVACCINESVICTIMSWARWORKERS10.1596/978-1-4648-0408-3