World Bank Group2015-07-282015-07-282015-07-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/22316In the 20th Century, Brazil rapidly urbanized and is now not only an urban nation but a metropolitan one. Brazils sprawling regioes metropolitanas (metropolitan regions, or RMs, which are municipal clusters) are now home to almost 50 million people and much of the countrys economic vitality. The RM spatial level and its supporting governmental institutions have thus become critical to Brazils future development. While challenges remain for tackling deprivation in rural areas, poverty in Brazil is now predominantly urban. More than six in 10 Brazilians in extreme poverty were living in urban settings as of 2012. Of these, over a fourth was concentrated in the 10 largest RMs.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOSANITATIONHOUSEHOLD INCOMESREGIONAL POVERTY LINESHOUSEHOLD SURVEYRISKSPOVERTY LINEECONOMIC GROWTHINCOME POVERTYINCOMESCHOOLINGPOVERTY RATESEQUITABLE ACCESSCOUNTERFACTUALHOUSINGPOLITICAL ECONOMYREDUCED POVERTYPOOR PEOPLEEXTREME POVERTY LINEINEQUALITY REDUCTIONCONSUMPTION AGGREGATESOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL ASSISTANCELABOR MARKET POLICIESRURAL POORMEASURESBASIC SANITATIONPOVERTY MEASURESHOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICSTRANSIENT POORACCESS TO EDUCATIONREGIONSAFETY NETSPOVERTY REDUCTIONVULNERABILITY OF FAMILIESWAGE DISPARITIESCOST EFFECTIVENESSLABOR MARKETREGIONAL POVERTYTECHNICAL ASSISTANCEFOOD BASKETRURAL HOUSEHOLDSINFORMAL ECONOMYEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTSPATIAL DYNAMICSHOUSEHOLD HEADINCOME GROWTHINCOME INEQUALITYVULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDSGINI INDEXTRANSFERSPOOR AREASHOUSEHOLD INCOMEPER CAPITA GROWTHPOOR INDIVIDUALSCHRONIC POVERTYHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSDIMENSIONAL POVERTYSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL PROTECTIONREGIONAL SCIENCELAND VALUERURAL MIGRANTSEDUCATION POVERTYUNEMPLOYMENTPOVERTY LINESCONSUMPTIONHUMAN CAPITALACCESS TO ASSETSPOVERTY COMPARISONSCLIMATE CHANGEPOVERTY INDEXFEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDSCASH TRANSFER PROGRAMPOVERTY MEASUREMENTREDUCTION IN POVERTYSCHOOL ATTENDANCERURAL AREAREGIONAL DIFFERENCESVULNERABLE GROUPSMEAN INCOMEREGIONAL STUDIESINCOME DISTRIBUTIONURBAN AREASABSOLUTE POVERTYRURAL SETTINGSRURALVULNERABLE PEOPLEQUALITY OF LIFELAGGING REGIONSINSURANCEMETROPOLITAN REGIONSGROWTH RATEREGIONSEXTREME POVERTYSPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONACCESS TO SERVICESABSOLUTE POVERTY LINEPOVERTYRURAL AREASVULNERABILITY TO POVERTYMETROPOLITAN REGIONEXTREME POVERTY LINESCONSUMER PRICE INDEXINCOME REDISTRIBUTIONPOVERTY RATEACCESS TO SANITATIONPOORREDUCTION OF POVERTYWELFARE MEASUREECONOMIC SHOCKSPOVERTY ACROSS COUNTRIESINDICATORS OF POVERTYWAGE EMPLOYMENTPOOR WOMENLOW WAGESHOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOMEINEQUALITYSPATIAL DIFFERENCESGROWTHPOOR HOUSEHOLDSReportWorld Bank10.1596/22316