Brodmann, StefaniePremand, PatrickGrun, RebekkaAlmeida, RitaBarouni, Mahdi2013-01-042013-01-042012-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12118In economies characterized by low labor demand and high rates of youth unemployment, entrepreneurship training has the potential to enable youth to gain skills and create their own jobs. This paper presents experimental evidence on a new entrepreneurship track that provides business training and personalized coaching to university students in Tunisia. Undergraduates in the final year of licence appliquee were given the opportunity to graduate with a business plan instead of following the standard curriculum. This paper relies on randomized assignment of the entrepreneurship track to identify impacts on labor market outcomes one year after graduation. The analysis finds that the entrepreneurship track was effective in increasing self-employment among applicants, but that the effects are small in absolute terms. In addition, the employment rate among participants remains unchanged, pointing to a partial substitution from wage employment to self-employment. The evidence shows that the program fostered business skills, expanded networks, and affected a range of behavioral skills. Participation in the entrepreneurship track also heightened graduates optimism toward the future shortly after the Tunisian revolution.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC YEARACCESS TO CREDITACCESS TO INFORMATIONACCESS TO JOBSACHIEVEMENTACTIVE LABORACTIVE LABOR MARKETACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMSADMINISTRATIVE RECORDSATTENTIONATTRITIONBUSINESS NETWORKSBUSINESS OWNERSBUSINESS PLANBUSINESS PLANSBUSINESS SURVIVALBUSINESS TRAININGCLASSROOMCLASSROOM TRAININGCOLLEGE GRADUATECOMMUNITY COLLEGECOMPETENCIESCONTROL GROUPSCREDIT ACCESSCREDIT APPLICATIONSCREDIT CONSTRAINTSCURRICULUMDEVELOPMENT BANKDEVELOPMENT CENTERDISADVANTAGED YOUTHEARNINGSECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICSELIGIBLE STUDENTSEMPLOYABILITYEMPLOYERSEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT IMPACTSEMPLOYMENT OFFICEEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMESEMPLOYMENT POLICIESEMPLOYMENT PROGRAMEMPLOYMENT PROGRAMSEMPLOYMENT RATEEMPLOYMENT STATUSENROLLMENT RATESENTREPRENEURENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIESENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITYENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLSENTREPRENEURSENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENTENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORTENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAININGENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAININGSEXAMSEXCLUSIONFAMILIESFEMALE ENTERPRISEFINANCIAL ANALYSISFINANCIAL LITERACYFINANCIAL SUPPORTFIRM SIZEGENDERGRADUATES WITH SKILLSGRADUATION RATEGRADUATION REQUIREMENTSGROSS ENROLLMENTGROSS ENROLLMENT RATESGROWTH OPPORTUNITIESHIGH UNEMPLOYMENTHIGHER EDUCATIONHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURSHIPINFORMATION ABOUT CREDITINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERVENTIONSJOB OFFERJOB OPPORTUNITIESJOB SATISFACTIONJOB SEARCHJOBSLABOR DEMANDLABOR ECONOMICSLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE SURVEYLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET EXPERIENCELABOR MARKET OUTCOMESLABOURLACK OF ACCESSLACK OF INFORMATIONLEADERSHIPLEARNINGLITERACYLITERATURELOANLOCAL EMPLOYMENT OFFICELOCAL EMPLOYMENT OFFICESMENTAL HEALTHMICRO ENTERPRISESMICRO FINANCEMICROFINANCEMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONSMINIMUM WAGEMINISTRIES OF EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMOTIVATIONNEW BUSINESSESOCCUPATIONSON-THE-JOB TRAININGOPEN ACCESSPAPERSPERSONALITYPERSONALITY TRAITSPLAYINGPOST-SECONDARY EDUCATIONPRELIMINARY EVIDENCEPRESENT EVIDENCEPREVIOUS SECTIONPREVIOUS STUDIESPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR JOBPRIVATE SECTOR JOBSPRIVATE SECTOR WAGEPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROFITABILITYPROGRAM BENEFICIARIESPSYCHOLOGYPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC SECTOR JOBPUBLIC SECTOR JOBSREADINGRECALLRECOGNITIONSALARIED EMPLOYMENTSALARIED WORKERSELF-EMPLOYMENTSKILLED WORKERSSKILLS DEVELOPMENTSKILLS TRAININGSOCIAL COHESIONSOCIAL NETWORKSOCIAL SECURITYSPORTSSTART-UPSTART-UP CAPITALSUBSTITUTION EFFECTSURVIVAL RATESTEACHINGTECHNICAL KNOWLEDGETELECOMMUNICATIONSTERTIARY EDUCATIONTHINKINGTRAINING COMPONENTTRAINING CONTENTTRAINING COURSETRAINING PARTICIPANTSTRAINING PROGRAMTRAINING PROGRAMSUNDERGRADUATESUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYED YOUTHUNEMPLOYMENT RATEUNEMPLOYMENT SPELLSUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITY DEGREEUNIVERSITY GRADUATESUNIVERSITY PROFESSORSUNIVERSITY STUDENTSVENTURE CAPITALVENTURE CAPITAL FIRMVOCATIONAL TRAININGVOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMSWAGE EMPLOYMENTWAGE SUBSIDIESWAGE SUBSIDYWAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAMSWORKERWORKERSYOUNG WORKERSYOUTH EMPLOYMENTYOUTH TRAININGYOUTH TRAINING PROGRAMYOUTH UNEMPLOYMENTYOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATEYOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATESWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6285