Akresh, Richardde Walque, DamienKazianga, Harounan2016-07-072016-07-072016-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24647This study conducted a randomized control trial in rural Burkina Faso to estimate the impact of alternative cash transfer delivery mechanisms on education, health, and household welfare outcomes. The two-year pilot program randomly distributed cash transfers that were either conditional or unconditional and were given to either mothers or fathers. Conditionality was linked to older children enrolling in school and attending regularly and younger children receiving preventive health check-ups. Compared with the control group, cash transfers improve children's education and health and household socioeconomic conditions. For school enrollment and most child health outcomes, conditional cash transfers outperform unconditional cash transfers. Giving cash to mothers does not lead to significantly better child health or education outcomes, and there is evidence that money given to fathers improves young children's health, particularly during years of poor rainfall. Cash transfers to fathers also yield relatively more household investment in livestock, cash crops, and improved housing.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOEMPLOYMENTSAFETY NET PROGRAMSHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYRIGHTSPOVERTY LINEFORMAL EDUCATIONPRODUCTIONPEOPLEFOOD CONSUMPTIONINCOMESCHOOLINGAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONENROLLMENTNATIONAL POVERTY LINESCHOOL AGE POPULATIONMORBIDITYGROUPSHEALTH EDUCATIONRESOURCE ALLOCATIONCOST-EFFECTIVENESSINFORMATIONPEDIATRICSMONITORINGHEALTH CARENET ATTENDANCE RATIOEDUCATION EXPENDITURESEFFECTSINCENTIVESHEALTHNATIONAL POVERTYPSYCHOLOGISTSPRIMARY SCHOOL AGE POPULATIONMEASURESGENDER BIASSTUDENT PARTICIPATIONSAFETY NETSPOVERTY REDUCTIONKNOWLEDGECOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTCOST EFFECTIVENESSLIVESTOCK OWNERSHIPFOOD FOR EDUCATIONMATHEMATICSRURAL HOUSEHOLDSCASH CROPSDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSPOOR FAMILIESHOUSEHOLD HEADINTERVENTIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSEXTERNALITIESCHILD DEVELOPMENTATTRITIONTRANSFERSPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTSSCHOOL UNIFORMSORGANIZATIONSLEARNINGSTANDARDSLABORPRIMARY SCHOOLFARMERSEPIDEMICSMENTAL HEALTHCASH TRANSFERSMORTALITYADMINISTRATIVE COSTSNUTRITIONAL STATUSPRIMARY SCHOOLSSOCIAL SAFETY NETSHUMAN CAPITALDROPOUT RATESRURAL COMMUNITIESENROLLMENT RATESSCIENCEAGEDVALUESSCHOOLSSCHOOL ATTENDANCEPARTICIPATIONVALUEENROLLMENT FOR BOYSLEARNING OUTCOMESFAMILY LABORENROLLMENT DATAHEALTH OUTCOMESPRIMARY SCHOOL AGEENROLLMENT RATESAFETY NETSCHOOL SUPPLIESSTRESSHOUSEHOLD HEAD AGEMALNUTRITIONRURALRECORDING ATTENDANCENUTRITIONHOUSEHOLD CHORESINTRAHOUSEHOLD TRANSFERSTRANSFER PROGRAMSECONOMICSEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMESSCHOOL FEEDINGRISK FACTORSCHILD MORTALITYWEIGHTTARGETINGHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEXSUBSISTENCE FARMERSCHILDRENEDUCATIONCLINICSINVESTMENTCHILD EDUCATIONRISKBIRTH HISTORYPOVERTYFEEDING PROGRAMSCRISESBARGAININGSUPPLYBANKINGSCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMSLABOR SUPPLYLAWGIRLSHUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTSTUDENTSCASH TRANSFER PROGRAMSCHILD LABORHOUSEHOLD WELFAREINTERVENTIONSPOORSTRATEGYSCHOOL AGE CHILDRENFEESSIBLINGSREGISTRATIONFAMILIESWOMENCAPITAL INVESTMENTOUTCOMESCLASSROOMSSAFETYPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTIMPLEMENTATIONPRICESPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONRETURNS TO EDUCATIONHUMAN DEVELOPMENTPOOR HOUSEHOLDSWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-7730