World Bank2012-08-132012-08-132009-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/9468This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Brazil, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. In Brazil, the 5th largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world, agriculture (including land use change and forestry) is the largest contributor to green house gas (GHG) emissions. The emission reduction potential of the agricultural sector (including land use change and forestry) is significant and not yet sufficiently explored. Brazil currently counts with 30 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects in the agricultural sector (targeting only methane emission reductions and biomass generation), while there are no registered CDM projects in the country under the 'afforestation and reforestation' category. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate variability, particularly in the Brazilian semi-arid Northeast where droughts have had a significant impact on crop yields and people's livelihood. The extension and improvement of both irrigation infrastructure and climate-sensitive insurance coverage for agricultural production, as well as addressing the problems of severe land degradation, can reduce some of the observed vulnerabilities in the country. Reducing poverty and inequality in rural areas, and particularly in those areas already vulnerable to climate risk, can also contribute to minimizing the negative impacts of future weather variability.CC BY 3.0 IGOAFFORESTATIONAFFORESTATION EFFORTSAGRICULTURAL INSURANCEAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL RESOURCEAGRICULTURAL RESOURCESAGRICULTURAL SECTORAIRAMAZON RAINFORESTATLANTIC FORESTATLANTIC RAINFORESTBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIOMASSCALCULATIONCARBONCARBON ABSORPTIONCARBON CREDITSCARBON DIOXIDECARBON EMISSIONSCARBON SEQUESTRATIONCARBON SEQUESTRATION RATECARBON TRADINGCH4CLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSCLIMATE CHANGE INFORMATIONCLIMATE CHANGE ISSUECLIMATE CHANGE ISSUESCLIMATE CHANGE MAPSCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATIONCLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAMCLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOSCLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITYCLIMATE FORECASTINGCLIMATE MODELINGCLIMATE MODELSCLIMATE POLICYCLIMATE PROJECTIONSCLIMATE REQUIREMENTSCLIMATE RISKCLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENTCLIMATE RISKSCLIMATE SCENARIOSCLIMATE VARIABILITYCLIMATIC CHANGESCLIMATIC VARIABILITYCO2COFFEE PLANTATIONCONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITYCROP INSURANCECULTIVATED LANDCULTIVATIONDAMAGESDEFORESTATIONDEFORESTATION ACTIVITIESDEFORESTATION RATEDESERTIFICATIONDIESELDNADROUGHTDROUGHTSDRY FORESTECONOMIC IMPACTECOSYSTEMELECTRICITYELECTRICITY GENERATIONEMISSIONEMISSION REDUCTIONEMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIALEMISSION REDUCTIONSEMISSIONSEMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTUREEMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATIONEMISSIONS FROM LAND-USE CHANGEEMISSIONS FROM LIVESTOCKENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTSEVAPORATIONEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONEXTREME EVENTSEXTREME WEATHEREXTREME WEATHER EVENTSFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTSFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFISHERYFLOODSFORAGESFORESTFOREST AREASFOREST CARBONFOREST COVERAGEFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST FIRESFOREST INDUSTRYFOREST INVENTORIESFOREST PLANTATIONSFOREST RESOURCESFOREST SECTORFORESTRYFORESTRY PROJECTSFORESTRY SECTORFORESTSFOSSIL FUELSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEFRESH WATERFUTURE CLIMATE CHANGEFUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOSGAS EMISSIONSGCMGHGGHGSGLOBAL CLIMATEGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGEGLOBAL EMISSIONSGLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITYGLOBAL WARMINGGREEN HOUSE GASGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONGREENHOUSE GASESHAILHIGH TEMPERATURESHURRICANEHYDROLOGIC EFFECTSIMPACT OF CLIMATEIMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGEIMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTUREIMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITYIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEINCOMEINFORMATION ON CLIMATEINFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGEINFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSINSURANCEINSURANCE COMPANIESINSURANCE COMPANYINSURANCE CONTRACTSINSURANCE COVERAGEINSURANCE INSTRUMENTSINSURANCE MECHANISMSINSURANCE POLICIESINSURANCE PREMIUMSINTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGEINTERNATIONAL CLIMATE POLICYIPCCIRRIGATIONLAND DEGRADATIONLAND MANAGEMENTLAND TENURELAND USELAND USE CHANGELAND-USELANDSMETEOROLOGICAL CENTRESMETHANEMETHANE EMISSIONSMETHANE GASMMAN2ONATIONAL CLIMATENATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGENEGATIVE IMPACTSNITROGENNITROGEN BASED FERTILIZERSNITROUS OXIDENITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONSNUTRIENTSOILSPARTNERSHIPPASTORAL SYSTEMSPASTUREPASTURESPER CAPITA INCOMEPLANTINGPORTFOLIOPRECIPITATIONRAINFALLREFORESTATIONREGIONAL CLIMATEREGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGEREGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOSRICE PADDIESRISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGERIVERRIVER BASINSCIENTIFIC INFORMATIONSCIENTISTSSEASEASONSOILSOIL CARBONSOILSSUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURESUBSISTENCE FARMERSSUGAR CANESURFACE WATERTEMPERATURETEMPERATURE INCREASESTEMPERATURE RISESTEMPERATURESTOTAL EMISSIONSTREESTROPICAL FORESTSUNDERGROUND WATERVULNERABILITY INDICATORSVULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE VARIABILITYWASTE MANAGEMENTWATER QUALITYWATER RESOURCESWorld Bank10.1596/9468