World Bank Group2016-02-262016-02-262016-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/23775This guidance note provides review and recommendations for how the protective services of mangroves and coral reefs can be measured and valued in a manner consistent with national economic accounts and included in other decision-making processes to support planning for development, disaster risk, and coastal zone management. It synthesizes evidence of the role mangroves (chapter 2) and coral reefs (chapter 3) play in coastal protection and risk reduction. It also reviews the tools and approaches commonly used by ecologists, economists, and engineers for estimating the coastal protection services of coastal habitats (chapter 4). Moreover, it examines how the valuations of these coastal protection services can be considered in the System of Environmental Economic Accounts (SEEA), the satellite accounts to the System of National Accounts (SNA) (chapter 5). In addition, the note examines where the coastal protection role of reefs and mangroves has been used in management decisions from local to national scales (chapter 6). Finally, it provides recommendations for advancing the assessment and the use of coastal protection values from coral reefs and mangroves in national and regional decisions (chapter 7).en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOWIND WAVESCOASTAL HABITATFAUNAFISHREEFSSURFACE WINDORGANIC MATTERTOPOGRAPHYSEASDONORWATERWAYSLAGRANGIANRED ALGAEESTUARYSEA LEVEL RISESOFFSHORE STRUCTURESPORTFOLIOCORAL REEF CONSERVATIONSHORELINESSURFACE WINDSNUTRIENTSCOASTAL SURVEYCORALSSEABEDWATER DEPTHSURFACE WIND SPEEDSSEAGRASSFORESHORECURRENT VELOCITYTSUNAMISTIDAL WAVEFRINGING REEFSBEACH EROSIONCOASTAL COMMUNITYMARINE GEOLOGYCOASTAL ECOSYSTEMOCEANWATER PRESSURELEADSMARINE ECOSYSTEMREEFCOASTAL ENVIRONMENTSWATER LEVELSEA LEVEL RISEMARINE PROTECTED AREASEA LEVELSSEA OTTERSWIND STRESSCOASTAL ECOSYSTEMSNATURAL RESOURCESATOLLSCOASTAL ENGINEERINGTRANSPLANTSMARINE RESEARCHSHORESCOASTAL AREANUTRIENTWATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTSLEADMARSHSHORE PROTECTIONWAVE HEIGHTSAQUACULTURECONTINENTSCOASTAL WETLANDSSEA LEVEL PRESSUREPARTNERSHIPMARINE RESOURCEECHINODERMSACCRETIONMARSHESSEDIMENT TRANSPORTAQUATIC ECOSYSTEMFOOD SOURCECOASTAL BIODIVERSITYSIFISHPONDSOVERFISHINGSALT MARSHESCOASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENTCOASTAL ENVIRONMENTISLANDSOCEAN WAVEMIDDLE- INCOME COUNTRIESCONTINENTAL SHELFSPONGESFISH POPULATIONSWAVE DIRECTIONFISHERIESCOASTSOCEANSTURBULENCECOASTLINEALGAEISLANDNATURAL RESOURCENITROGENMARINE BIOLOGYESTUARIESMARINE LABORATORYSEA GRASSBEACH PROFILESSALT MARSHCOASTAL WETLANDFISHERYBASEA-LEVELSHRIMPSEACORAL REEFSWATERSCOASTLINESCOASTAL PROCESSESMARINE HABITATSSEA LEVELMEAN SEA LEVELWATER TEMPERATURECALCIUMWATER QUALITYFISH PRODUCTIONDUNEBARRIER REEFSSIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHTINVERTEBRATESCOASTAL HABITATSWIND DRIVEN CIRCULATIONCOASTAL WATERSWIND SPEEDCARBONATOLLINDIAN OCEANCONTINENTAL SHELVESWATER DEPTHSSEWAGEDELTAMARINE RESOURCESPACIFIC OCEANSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENTCOASTAL ZONEAQUATIC ORGANISMSMANGROVESBAYMARINE ENVIRONMENTPHWATER RESOURCESDEVELOPED COUNTRIESSHORECOASTAL DEVELOPMENTOXYGENBIOMASSCOASTAL RESEARCHSEDIMENTCOASTAL ZONESMARINE SCIENCESTRAITTSUNAMIBEACH PROFILEWAVE PERIODSSHELLFISHTIDEMARINE HABITATSEDIMENTSSTORM SURGESCOASTAL RESOURCESWATERCOASTAL EROSIONENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTPOLLUTIONMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIESTRANSPLANTESTUARINE SYSTEMSOCEAN WAVESNICKELCOASTAL AREASSEA OTTERFISHINGSTORM SURGEBARRIER REEFOCEAN ENGINEERINGBEACHCOASTAL FISHERIESCLIMATE CHANGEGEOLOGYBEACHESCOASTAL MANAGEMENTINLETSSWELLOYSTERGULFFISHESCOASTAL COMMUNITIESCOASTAL DUNESBARRIER ISLANDSCORAL COVERCORAL REEFMARINE ECOSYSTEMSWAVE HEIGHTCOASTAL PROTECTIONFISHING GEARCOASTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENTBEACH FORESTSBATHYMETRYDUNESCORALSEA WATEREROSIONMARINE PROTECTED AREASMARINE POLLUTIONCOASTAL REGIONSMANGROVECOASTWAVE PERIODWIND SPEEDSSHORELINEFRINGING REEFWATER POLLUTIONMARINE RESERVESSEAWATERSILVERSEDIMENTATIONSHARKADVECTIONTIDAL CURRENTSTIDESBEACH FORESTWATER LEVELSCARBONATERURAL DEVELOPMENTFOOD SOURCESWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/23775