Kerrigan, DeannaWirtz, AndreaBaral, StefanDecker, MicheleMurray, LauraPoteat, ToniaPretorius, CarelSherman, SusanSweat, MikeSemini, IrisN'Jie, N'DellaStanciole, AndersonButler, JennyOsornprasop, SutayutOelrichs, RobertBeyrer, Chris2013-01-302013-01-302013-01978-0-8213-9774-9https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12217Since the beginning of the epidemic sex workers have experienced a heightened burden of HIV across settings, despite their higher levels of HIV protective behaviors (UNAIDS, 2009). Unfairly, sex workers have often been framed as 'vectors of disease' and 'core transmitters' rather than workers and human beings with rights in terms of HIV prevention and beyond. By gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemiologic and broader policy and social context within which sex work is set one begins to quickly gain a sense of the complex backdrop for increased risk to HIV among sex workers. This backdrop includes the critical role of stigma, discrimination and violence faced by sex workers, as well as, the importance of community empowerment and mobilization among sex workers to address these regressive forces. The eight country case studies work to highlight the experiences of diverse populations of and contexts for sex work across settings. Given the limited epidemiologic and intervention evaluation data available among male and transgender sex workers, however, our collaborative team (Johns Hopkins University, or JHU, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and Global Network of Sex Work Projects, or NSWP) determined that the systematic review, mathematical modeling and cost-effective analyses would focus on female sex workers. Throughout the process of this analysis as a whole, the participation of sex worker perspectives and sex worker organizations such as NSWP and their regional partners has been critical by providing documents and resources, input and consultation throughout the analytical process.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CONDOMSACCESS TO TREATMENTACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEADULT POPULATIONAGEDAIDS RELIEFANTENATAL CAREANTENATAL CLINICSBASIC PREVENTIONBEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCEBURDEN OF DISEASECLINICAL SERVICESCOMMERCIAL SEXCOMMERCIAL SEX WORKERCONDOMCONSISTENT CONDOM USEDISCRIMINATIONDISEASEDISEASE BURDENDISEASE CONTROLDRUG USEREMERGENCY PLANEPIDEMICEPIDEMIC SCENARIOSEPIDEMICSEPIDEMIOLOGYEQUAL ACCESSFEMALE SEX WORKERSGLOBAL AIDS RESPONSEGLOBAL HEALTHGROSS NATIONAL INCOMEHEALTH SURVEYSHEPATITISHIVHIV EPIDEMICSHIV INFECTIONHIV INFECTIONSHIV POSITIVEHIV PREVALENCEHIV PREVENTIONHIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONSHIV TESTINGHIV TRANSMISSIONHIV/AIDSHUMAN BEINGSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSHUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTS IMPERATIVEHUMAN TRAFFICKINGIMMUNE DEFICIENCYIMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEIMMUNODEFICIENCYIMPACT OF VIOLENCEINCIDENCE OF HIVINFECTIONSINFECTIONS AMONG ADULTSINJECTING DRUG USEINJECTION DRUGINJECTION DRUG USEINTERNATIONAL COMMITTEEINTIMATE PARTNERSLACK OF INFORMATIONLEGAL STATUSLOW PREVALENCEMALARIAMALE CLIENTSMALE SEXMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL COSTSMIGRATIONMINISTRY OF HEALTHMOTHER-TO-CHILDNATIONAL AIDSNATIONAL AIDS COMMISSIONNATIONAL SURVEILLANCENEW INFECTIONSNUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONSNUMBER OF PEOPLENUMBER OF WOMENNURSINGNUTRITIONPEER EDUCATIONPEOPLE LIVING WITH HIVPOLICY MAKERSPOLITICAL PARTICIPATIONPREGNANT WOMENPREVENTION AND CAREPREVENTION INTERVENTIONSPREVENTION OF MOTHERPREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSIONPREVENTION STRATEGIESPROSTITUTEPROSTITUTESPROSTITUTIONPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC POLICYRAPEREPRODUCTIVE AGERESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESOURCE ALLOCATIONSRIGHTS ORGANIZATIONSRISK FACTORSRISK POPULATIONSRISK STATUSSAFE SEXSERVICE PROVISIONSEXSEX PRACTICESSEX WITH MENSEX WORKSEX WORKERSEX WORKER ORGANIZATIONSSEX WORKERSSEXUAL BEHAVIORSEXUAL PARTNERSSEXUAL PARTNERSHIPSSEXUAL PRACTICESSEXUAL VIOLENCESEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONSOCIAL COHESIONSOCIAL MOBILIZATIONSOCIAL SCIENCESOCIAL SERVICESSTISSURVEILLANCE DATATHERAPYTREATMENT AND CARETREATMENT SERVICESTUBERCULOSISUNAIDSUNFPAUNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUNDUNIVERSAL ACCESSUNIVERSAL ACCESS TO TREATMENTVECTORSVIOLENCEVULNERABILITYWORKING CONDITIONSWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-9774-9