Kgare, TshepoRaballand, GaelIttmann, Hans W.2012-03-192012-03-192011-09-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3558Based on quantitative and qualitative data, this paper attempts to identify the main reasons why cargo dwell time in Durban port has dramatically reduced in the past decade to a current average of 3-4 days. A major customs reform; changes in port storage tariffs coupled with strict enforcement; massive investments in infrastructure and equipment; and changing customer behavior through contractualization between the port operator and shipping lines or between customs, importers, and brokers have all played a major role. The main lesson for Sub-Saharan Africa that can be drawn from Durban is that cargo dwell time is mainly a function of the characteristics of the private sector, but it is the onus of public sector players, such as customs and the port authority, to put pressure on the private sector to make more efficient use of the port and reduce cargo dwell time.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS ROADSACCESSIBILITYAIMAIRCRAFTAUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRYBERTHBERTHINGBERTHSBINDBONDED WAREHOUSESBORDER CROSSINGSBOTTLENECKSBOXESBREAK ­ BULKCAPITAL INVESTMENTCARGOCARGO DWELL TIMECARGO HANDLINGCARGO STORAGECARGO TRAFFICCARGOSCARRIERCARRIERSCENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICTCOMMODITIESCOMMODITYCONGESTIONCONTAINER DEPOTSCONTAINER HANDLINGCONTAINER TERMINALCONTAINER TRAFFICCONTAINER VESSELSCONTAINER YARDCONTAINER YARDSCONTAINERIZED CARGOCONTAINERSCORRIDORCROSSINGCUSTOMSCUSTOMS BROKERSCUSTOMS CLEARANCEDELIVERY INSTRUCTIONSDOMESTIC CARGOEXPORTFREIGHTFREIGHT FORWARDERSFREIGHT RAILGOALHOLDING COMPANYHUBINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINLAND TRANSPORTINSPECTIONINTERNATIONAL CARRIERSINTERNATIONAL PORTSINTERNATIONAL SHIPPINGINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSINTERNATIONAL TRADEJOURNEYLAND TRANSPORTLANDLOCKED COUNTRIESLANDLORD PORTLANESLIFTINGLOADINGLOGISTICS COSTSMANUFACTURINGMARINE SERVICESMARITIME TRAFFICMARITIME TRANSPORTNATIONAL PORT AUTHORITYNEW TERMINALPEAK HOURSPEAK PERIODSPIERSPORT ACCESSPORT ACTIVITIESPORT AREAPORT AUTHORITIESPORT AUTHORITYPORT CAPACITYPORT CHARGESPORT CONGESTIONPORT DUESPORT INFRASTRUCTUREPORT OPERATIONPORT OPERATIONSPORT PERFORMANCEPORT SERVICESPORT USERSPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONRAIL TRACKSRAIL TRANSPORTREGIONAL LOGISTICSROADROAD CONGESTIONROAD CONNECTIONSROAD NETWORKROLLING STOCKROUTEROUTESSEA TRANSPORTSHIPPERSSHIPPINGSHIPPING LINESSHIPSSTEVEDORESSTORAGE CAPACITYSTORAGE CHARGESSTORAGE FACILITIESSTRADDLE CARRIERSTAXTERMINAL AREATERMINAL FACILITIESTERMINAL OPERATIONSTERMINAL OPERATORSTERMINALSTEUTRADE LOGISTICSTRAFFIC DISTRIBUTIONTRAFFIC VOLUMESTRAINSTRANSITTRANSIT CORRIDORSTRANSPARENCYTRANSPORTTRANSPORT COSTSTRANSPORT MODESTRANSPORT NETWORKTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION RESEARCHTRANSSHIPMENTTRUCK DRIVERSTRUCKSTRUEVEHICLEVEHICLESVESSELSWAITING TIMEWAREHOUSEWHARFWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5794