Bloom, David E.Canning, David2017-08-282017-08-282008https://hdl.handle.net/10986/28036Health is a direct source of human welfare and also an instrument for raising income levels. The authors discuss a number of mechanisms through which health can affect income, focusing on worker productivity, children's education, savings and investment, and demographic structure. As well as the impact of current illness, health may have large effects on prospective life spans and life cycle behavior. Studies suggest there may be a large effect of health and nutrition in uteri, and in the first few years of life, on physical and cognitive development and economic success as an adult. Macroeconomic evidence for an effect on growth is mixed, with evidence of a large effect in some studies. However, there is a possibility that gains from health may be outweighed by the effect of increased survival on population growth, until a fertility transition occurs. The low cost of some health interventions that have large-scale effects on population health makes health investments a promising policy tool for growth in developing countries. In addition, higher priority could be given to tackling widespread 'neglected' diseases that is, diseases with low mortality burdens that are not priorities from a pure health perspective, but that do have substantial effects on productivity.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABORTIONACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNINGADULT HEALTHADULT MORTALITYAGINGAIDS EPIDEMICAIDS ORPHANSANAEMIAASCARIASISBABYBABY BOOMBLINDNESSBRAINBULLETINBURDEN OF DISEASEBURDEN OF MALARIACHILD HEALTHCHILD MORTALITYCHILD MORTALITY RATESCHILD SURVIVALCHILDBEARINGCHRONIC DISEASECITIZENSCLIMATE CHANGECOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOMPLICATIONSCONSEQUENCES OF POPULATIONDEATH RATESDEATHSDEBTDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGEDEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCESDEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITIONDEPENDENCY RATIODETERMINANTS OF HEALTHDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEWORMINGDISABILITYDISEASE BURDENDISEASE CONTROLDRUG ADMINISTRATIONEARLY CHILDHOODEARLY MARRIAGEECLAMPSIAECONOMIC GEOGRAPHYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPLICATIONSECONOMIC POLICIESECONOMIC POLICYEDUCATION OF CHILDRENEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEFFECTS OF POPULATIONELDERLYENDEMIC AREASEPIDEMICEQUILIBRIUMEXTERNALITIESFACT SHEETFALL IN MORTALITYFAMILIESFAMILY PLANNINGFERTILITYFERTILITY BEHAVIORFERTILITY TRANSITIONFERTILITY TRANSITIONSFETUSFEWER CHILDRENFISCAL POLICIESFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFUTURE GENERATIONSGIRLS IN SCHOOLGLOBAL AGENDAGLOBAL HEALTHGLOBAL POPULATIONGOVERNMENT AGENCIESGREENHOUSE GASESHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE COSTSHEALTH CONDITIONSHEALTH ECONOMICSHEALTH EFFECTSHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH IMPACTHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH INVESTMENTSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICIESHEALTH POPULATIONHEALTH STATUSHELMINTHIC INFECTIONSHEMORRHAGEHIGH DEATH RATESHIVHIV/AIDSHOOKWORMHOUSEHOLD LEVELHOUSEHOLD POVERTYHUMAN BIOLOGYHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN WELFAREHUNGERHYGIENEILL HEALTHILLNESSILLNESSESIMPACT OF AIDSIMPAIRMENTSIMPROVEMENTS IN MORTALITYINCOMEINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFANT MORTALITY RATESINFANTSINFECTIONINFLAMMATIONINSURANCEINTERVENTIONINTESTINAL WORMSINVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATIONIODINE DEFICIENCYIRONIRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIAISOLATIONJOURNAL OF MEDICINELABOR MARKETLABOR SUPPLYLARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLELARGE POPULATIONSLEGAL STATUSLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVING STANDARDSLONGEVITYLOW FERTILITYLYMPHATIC FILARIASISMALARIAMALARIA TRANSMISSIONMALNOURISHED CHILDRENMALNUTRITIONMEASLESMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL EXPENSESMEDICAL FACILITIESMEDICAL RECORDSMEDICAL RESEARCHMENSTRUATIONMENTAL RETARDATIONMIGRATIONMORBIDITYMORBIDITY AND MORTALITYMORTALITYMORTALITY DECLINEMORTALITY RATEMORTALITY REDUCTIONMOTHERNATIONAL LEVELNATURAL DEATHNATURAL RESOURCESNUMBER OF BIRTHSNUMBER OF CHILDRENNUMBER OF GIRLSNUTRITIONPANDEMICPARASITIC DISEASESPARASITOLOGYPATIENTSPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOOR HEALTHPOOR NUTRITIONPOPULATION AGE STRUCTUREPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENTPOPULATION DECLINESPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION DIVISIONPOPULATION EXPLOSIONPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION PRESSUREPOPULATION STUDIESPRACTITIONERSPREGNANCYPREMATURE DEATHPREVALENCEPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPROBABILITYPROGRESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONSPURCHASING POWERPURCHASING POWER PARITYRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATIONRISK OF DEATHRURAL COMMUNITIESSAFE WATERSANITATIONSCARCE RESOURCESSCHISTOSOMIASISSCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL CHILDRENSOCIAL AFFAIRSSOCIAL INSTITUTIONSSOCIAL NORMSSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSUBSISTENCE FARMINGTREATMENTTRICHURIASISTROPICAL DISEASESTROPICAL MEDICINETUBERCULOSISUNSAFE ABORTIONURBANIZATIONVACCINATIONVICTIMSVULNERABILITYWASTEWOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGEWORKERSWORKFORCEWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWORLD POPULATIONYELLOW FEVERYOUNG ADULTYOUNG PEOPLEWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/28036