Ardic, Oya PinarHeimann, MaximilienMylenko, Nataliya2012-03-192012-03-192011-01-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3310Recent empirical evidence highlights that access to basic financial services can make a substantial positive difference in improving poor people's lives. Accordingly, financial sector reforms that promote financial inclusion are increasingly at the core of policymakers agendas. The Consultative Group to Assist the Poor and the World Bank Group, in response, launched the Financial Access project, including a cross-country database on financial inclusion topics and an annual report to inform the policy debate. Using this database, this paper (i) counts the number of unbanked adults around the world at 56 percent, (ii) analyzes the state of access to deposit and loan services as well as the extent of retail networks, and (iii) discusses the state of financial inclusion mandates around the world.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CREDITACCESS TO FINANCEACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICESACCESS TO SAVINGAFFORDABLE FINANCIAL SERVICESATMATM NETWORKATMSBALANCE SHEETSBANK ACCESSBANK ACCOUNTBANK ACCOUNTSBANK BRANCHBANK BRANCH NETWORKBANK BRANCH NETWORKSBANK BRANCHESBANK DEPOSITBANK DEPOSITSBANK INTEREST MARGINSBANK LOANBANK LOANSBANKING MARKETSBANKING SECTORBANKING SERVICESBANKING SYSTEMBANKSBARRIERBASIC FINANCIAL SERVICESBORROWINGBUSINESS CLIMATEBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTCAPITAL ACCOUNTCAPITAL ACCOUNT TRANSACTIONSCHECKINGCHECKING ACCOUNTCHECKING FEESCOMMERCIAL BANKCOMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHESCOMMERCIAL BANK LOANCOMMERCIAL BANK LOANSCOMMERCIAL BANKSCONSUMERCONSUMER LOANCONSUMER LOANSCONSUMER PROTECTIONCONTRACT ENFORCEMENTCONTRIBUTIONCOOPERATIVE BANKINGCOOPERATIVESCOUNTRY TO COUNTRYCREDIT ACCESSCREDIT INFORMATIONCREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEMSCREDIT PORTFOLIOCREDIT QUALITYCREDIT UNIONSCREDITORCREDITOR RIGHTSDATA AVAILABILITYDEBTDEMOGRAPHICDEPOSITDEPOSIT ACCOUNTDEPOSIT ACCOUNTSDEPOSIT INSURANCEDEPOSIT INTERESTDEPOSIT INTEREST RATEDEPOSIT RATEDEPOSIT SERVICESDEPOSIT VOLUMEDEPOSIT VOLUMESDEPOSITORDEPOSITORSDEPOSITSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT BANKECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONSENFORCEMENT PROCEDURESENTREPRENEURSHIPEXCLUSIONFDICFINANCE CORPORATIONFINANCIAL ACCESSFINANCIAL ACCESS INDICATORSFINANCIAL CONSUMERFINANCIAL CRISESFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL LITERACYFINANCIAL OPENNESSFINANCIAL REGULATORFINANCIAL REGULATORSFINANCIAL SECTORFINANCIAL SECTOR INFRASTRUCTUREFINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMFINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMSFINANCIAL SERVICEFINANCIAL STABILITYFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCIAL SYSTEMSFINANCING OBSTACLESFIRM GROWTHFOREIGN BANKFORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICESGOVERNANCE INDICATORSGOVERNMENT BANKGREATER ACCESSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH RATEHOUSEHOLD ACCESSHOUSEHOLDSINCOMEINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME GROUPSINEQUALITYINFLATIONINFLATION RATEINSURANCE SCHEMEINTEREST RATEINTEREST RATE SPREADINTEREST RATE SPREADSINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTINTERNATIONAL FINANCELEGAL CONSTRAINTSLEGAL ENVIRONMENTLEGAL RIGHTSLENDERSLENDING INTEREST RATELEVELS OF ACCESSLEVELS OF CREDITLIABILITYLIABILITY SIDESLIVING STANDARDLOANLOAN AMOUNTLOAN APPLICATIONLOAN APPLICATIONSLOAN VOLUMELOAN VOLUMESLOANS TO INDIVIDUALSLOW INCOMELOW-INCOMELOW-INCOME COUNTRIESLOWER INCOMELOWER INTEREST RATEMACROECONOMIC CONDITIONSMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMANDATESMEDIUM ENTERPRISESMFISMICROFINANCEMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONSMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIESMINIMUM BALANCEMONETARY FUNDNONBANKSOFFSHORE BANKINGOFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTEROFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTERSOUTPUTOUTREACHOUTSTANDING LOANOUTSTANDING LOANSPOLICY ENVIRONMENTPOLITICAL STABILITYPOST OFFICESPRIVATE REGISTRYPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPROFITABILITYPROVIDERS OF CREDITPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC REGISTRYRATE OF INFLATIONRATES OF GROWTHREGIONAL DUMMIESREGULATORY REQUIREMENTSRESEARCH ASSISTANCERURAL ACCESSRURAL FINANCESAVINGSSMALL ENTERPRISESSOURCE OF CREDITSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTAXTAX INCENTIVETAX INCENTIVESTERMS OF LOANSTOTAL DEBTUNIONURBAN AREASWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5537