Liu, YanyanDeininger, Klaus2013-09-272013-09-272013-07https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15903This paper uses a three-round 4,000-household panel from Andhra Pradesh together with administrative data to explore short and medium-term poverty and welfare effects of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme. Triple difference estimates suggest that participants significantly increase consumption (protein and energy intake) in the short run and accumulate more nonfinancial assets in the medium term. Direct benefits exceed program-related transfers and are most pronounced for scheduled castes and tribes and households supplying casual labor. Asset creation via program-induced land improvements is consistent with a medium-term increase in assets by nonparticipants and increases in wage income in excess of program cost.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADULT MALESAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENTAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL WAGEAGRICULTURAL WAGESANTI-POVERTYATTRITIONBARGAININGBARGAINING POWERBENEFICIARIESCASH TRANSFERSCASUAL WORKERSCONTROL GROUPSCORRUPTIONCOUNTERFACTUALCOUNTERFACTUAL OUTCOMECOUNTERFACTUAL OUTCOMESCROWDING OUTDESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDISTRICTSEMPLOYMENT GUARANTEEEMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEMEEXTREME POVERTYFEMALEFEMALE EMPOWERMENTFEMALE LABORFEMALE LABOR FORCEFEMALE PARTICIPATIONFEMALESFOOD FOR WORKFOOD ITEMSFOOD POLICYFOOD-FOR-WORKGENDERGENDER EQUALITYGENERAL EQUILIBRIUMHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHOUSEHOLDSIMPACT EVALUATIONIMPACT ON POVERTYINCOMEINEQUALITYINFORMAL EMPLOYMENTINFORMAL LABOR MARKETSINNOVATIONSINSURANCEINTERVENTIONIRRIGATIONJOB SEEKERSLABOR DEMANDLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET OUTCOMESLABOR MARKETSLABORERSLIVELIHOODLIVELIHOODSMARKET EQUILIBRIUMMINIMUM WAGENUTRITIONPARTICIPATION RATESPAYING JOBSPOORPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR PEOPLEPOVERTY IMPACTSPOVERTY PROGRAMSPOVERTY STATUSPROGRAM COSTPROGRAM DESIGNPROGRAM EFFECTSPROGRAM IMPACTSPROGRAM IMPLEMENTATIONPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC WORKPUBLIC WORKSPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMRENTSRURALRURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL EMPLOYMENTRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL PUBLICSAFETYSAFETY NETSSAVINGSSELECTION BIASSELF-HELPSHELTERSOCIAL AUDITSSOCIAL SAFETY NETSSUPPLIERSTARGETINGTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSPARENCYTREATMENT EFFECTSUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATIONVILLAGE ASSEMBLIESVILLAGE LEADERSVILLAGE LEVELVILLAGESWAGE EFFECTSWAGE GAPWAGE INCOMEWAGE INCREASESWAGE RATEWELFARE INDICATORSWOMEN WORKERSWORKERgovernancepublic investmentWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6543