Kulenovic, Z. JoeCech, Alexandra2016-01-052016-01-052015-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/23573The objective of this paper is to synthesize the findings of six individual case studies (Bucaramanga, Colombia; Coimbatore, India; Kigali, Rwanda; Gaziantep, Turkey; Changsha, China; and Tangier, Morocco) by analyzing the similarities and dissimilarities among them and identifying common, cross-cutting themes. The intent is to highlight what institutions and strategies successful cities have relied on to spur economic development, under what conditions such success has occurred, and what lessons of this experience might be applicable to decision makers in other cities.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOSKILLSSOCIAL PROFILESBUSINESS INCUBATORSCAPITAL MARKETSCITY OFFICIALSECONOMIC GROWTHBUSINESS OPPORTUNITIESPRODUCTIONMULTIPLIERSBUSINESS COMMUNITYWASTE MANAGEMENTCHAMBERS OF COMMERCENATIONAL ECONOMIESINCOMEDATA SOURCESGDP GROWTH RATEGROUPSECONOMIC OBJECTIVESGDP PER CAPITAPROGRAMSINFORMATIONSERVICESEXPORTSDECISION MAKERSSOCIAL RESPONSIBILITYMAYORSINCENTIVESCAPACITY BUILDINGMACROECONOMIC CONDITIONSINDUSTRIAL ZONESCONTENTMODELSTRAINING PROGRAMSPLANNINGCITIESSTAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENTWEALTHSOCIAL SCIENCESCITY GOVERNMENTSFREE TRADEECONOMIC STRUCTURESURBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTTRENDSE-GOVERNMENTPLANSCOLLABORATIONKNOWLEDGEDEVELOPMENTWOMEN ENTREPRENEURSVOCATIONAL SCHOOLSINFLUENCETECHNICAL ASSISTANCEPER CAPITA INCOMECONSTRUCTION PERMITTRAININGPARTNERSHIPSRENTDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESINDUSTRIAL STRUCTUREEXPERTSFAILURESCRITERIACENTRALIZATIONMARKETSDEVELOPMENT AGENCIESRESEARCHINCOME LEVELSKEY INDUSTRIESDIVIDENDSSOCIAL INDICATORSSERVICE DELIVERYNATURAL RESOURCESCITY DWELLERSTRADE POLICIESTAXESLAND USEBUSINESS INTELLIGENCETECHNOLOGYPPPSHUMAN CAPITALVOCATIONAL TRAININGCITY LEADERSCAPITALECONOMIC PERFORMANCESCIENCEECONOMIC OUTCOMESINTERNATIONAL TRADETRANSPARENCYSOFTWAREPARTICIPATIONTRAINING INITIATIVESPOLITICAL SYSTEMSVALUECOMPETITIVENESSBENCHMARKINGCREDITSTAKEHOLDERSSTAKEHOLDER GROUPSSOLID WASTEHISTORIC SITESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGESSECONDARY CITIESTOURISM PROMOTIONCAPITAL CITIESCULTURAL CENTERSTOURISMDECISION-MAKINGDECISION MAKINGSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTMEASUREMENTCITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESBUILDING PERMITSCITY ECONOMIESLAND ACQUISITIONPOLICYQUALITY OF LIFECITY COMPETITIVENESSMEDIAGOVERNANCESOCIAL CAPITALTAXATIONECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTTOURISM DEVELOPMENTSLUMSTRADEGDPGOODSTHEORYSUPPLY CHAINSTECHNOLOGY TRANSFERGROWTH RATEBILATERAL TRADEBUSINESS CLIMATEINVESTMENTBUSINESS LEADERSHOUSING MARKETSPARTNERSMONOPOLIESBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGEBUSINESS LICENSINGLAWOPEN MARKETSFUNDINGDEVELOPMENT AGENCYCITY LIVABILITYECONOMIC GEOGRAPHYCOLLECTIVE ACTIONTECHNOLOGIESOUTCOMESCOST ANALYSISSEWERAGECOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGESWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/23573