Gajigo, OusmanHallward-Driemeier, Mary2014-02-052014-02-052013-11https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16919This paper evaluates the impact of strengthening legal rights on the types of economic opportunities that are pursued. Ethiopia changed its family law, requiring both spouses' consent in the administration of marital property, removing the ability of a spouse to deny permission for the other to work outside the home, and raising women's minimum age of marriage. Thus both access to resources and the removal of restrictions on employment served to strengthen women's bargaining position within the household and their ability to pursue economic opportunities. Although this reform now applies nationally, it was initially rolled out in the two chartered cities and three of Ethiopia's nine regions. Using nationally representative household surveys from just prior to the reform and five years later allows for a difference-in-difference estimation of the reform's impact. The analysis finds that women were relatively more likely to work in occupations that require work outside the home, employ more educated workers, and in paid and full-time jobs where the reform had been enacted, controlling for time and location effects. As the relative increase in women's participation in these activities was 15-24 percent higher in areas where the reform was carried out, the magnitude of the impact is significant too.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CAPITALACCESS TO CREDITACCESS TO FINANCEACCESS TO RESOURCESADOPTIONADULT WOMENADVERSE CONSEQUENCESAGE AT MARRIAGEAGE OF MARRIAGEALIMONYALLOCATION OF RESOURCESASSET OWNERSHIPAVAILABILITY OF COLLATERALBANKBARGAININGBARGAINING POWERBENEFITBENEFITSBENEFITS FOR WOMENBORROWERSCHILDCHILD WELFARECHILDRENCLERKSCOLLATERALCOOPERATIVECOURTSCREDITCREDIT ACCESSCREDIT CONSTRAINTSCREDITORSCULTURAL CHANGECUSTOMARY PRACTICESDEMANDS ON WOMENDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT BANKDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISCRIMINATIONDIVORCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCEECONOMIC ACTIVITIESECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC EMPOWERMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMENECONOMIC RIGHTSECONOMICSEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIESEFFECTSEMPLOYEESEMPLOYERSEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT STATUSEMPOWERING WOMENEMPOWERMENTENTERPRISESENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITYEQUAL RIGHTSEXPENDITURESFAMILIESFAMILYFAMILY LAWFAMILY LAWSFAMILY RELATIONSFARM ENTERPRISEFEMALEFEMALE EDUCATIONFEMALESFINANCEFINANCIAL SUPPORTFIRST MARRIAGEGENDERGENDER AND LAWGENDER DIFFERENCEGENDER DIFFERENCESGENDER DIMENSIONGENDER DISCRIMINATIONGENDER DIVISION OF LABORGENDER EQUALITYGENDER EQUALITY IN RIGHTSGENDER GAPSGENDER INEQUALITIESGENDER INEQUALITYGENDER NEUTRALGENDER ROLESGENDER SEGREGATIONGROUPS OF WOMENHOMEHOMESHOUSEHOLDHOUSEHOLD DYNAMICSHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHOUSEHOLDSHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESHUSBANDHUSBANDSINCOMEINDIVIDUAL MEMBERSINDIVIDUAL WELFAREINHERITANCEINHERITANCE RIGHTSINSECURE PROPERTYINTERESTINTERESTSINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITYINVESTMENTINVESTMENTSLABOR ECONOMICSLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLABOR MOBILITYLABOR RELATIONSLABOR SUPPLYLABORERSLAND REGISTRATIONLAND RIGHTSLARGE CITIESLARGE NUMBER OF WOMENLAWSLEGAL MARRIAGELEGAL REFORMLEGAL REFORMSLEGAL RIGHTSLEGISLATIONLEVEL OF EDUCATIONMACROECONOMIC EFFECTSMANAGEMENTMANDATESMARITAL PROPERTYMARITAL STATUSMARKET INFORMATIONMARRIAGEMARRIAGE AGEMARRIAGE FOR GIRLSMARRIAGE PARTNERSMARRIAGESMARRIED COUPLESMARRIED WOMENMILLENNIUM DECLARATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINIMUM AGE OF MARRIAGEMINIMUM AGE OF MARRIAGE FOR WOMENNATIONAL LEVELNUMBER OF WOMENOCCUPATIONSOLDER WOMENOPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMENORGANIZATIONSOUTCOMESPARENTAL LEAVEPARTICIPATION OF WOMENPARTNERSPEOPLEPOLICYPOLICY CHANGEPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOPULATIONPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULOUS COUNTRYPOWER OF WOMENPRODUCTIVITYPROGRESSPROPERTY OWNERPROPERTY RIGHTPROPERTY RIGHTSPROPORTION OF WOMENRACIAL DISCRIMINATIONRADIORAPERATES OF POPULATIONRED TAPEREPRESENTATION OF WOMENRISKRURAL AREASSENSITIVE POLICIESSEXUAL DIVISION OF LABORSINGLE WOMENSKILLED WORKERSSMALL BUSINESSSOCIAL CHANGESOCIAL INSTITUTIONSSPOUSESPOUSESTRADITIONAL FAMILYTRADITIONAL GENDER ROLESTVUNDPUNEMPLOYMENTUNIFEMUNIONUNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT FUND FOR WOMENUNMARRIED WOMENURBAN AREASURBAN EMPLOYMENTURBAN MIGRATIONURBAN WOMENURBANIZATIONVALUEVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMENWELFAREWHOWIDOWSWIFEWILLWIVESWOMENWOMEN EMPLOYEESWOMEN ENTREPRENEURSYOUNG WOMENWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6695