Timilsina, Govinda R.Shrestha, Ashish2012-03-192012-03-192009-10-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/4290Rapidly increasing emissions of carbon dioxide from the transport sector, particularly in urban areas, is a major challenge to sustainable development in developing countries. This study analyzes the factors responsible for transport sector CO2 emissions growth in selected developing Asian countries during 1980-2005. The analysis splits the annual emissions growth into components representing economic development; population growth; shifts in transportation modes; and changes in fuel mix, emission coefficients, and transportation energy intensity. The study also reviews existing government policies to limit CO2 emissions growth, particularly various fiscal and regulatory policy instruments. The study finds that of the six factors considered, three - economic development, population growth, and transportation energy intensity - are responsible for driving up transport sector CO2 emissions in Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Vietnam. In contrast, only economic development and population growth are responsible in the case of China, India, Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. CO2 emissions exhibit a downward trend in Mongolia due to decreasing transportation energy intensity. The study also finds that some existing policy instruments help reduce transport sector CO2 emissions, although they were not necessarily targeted for this purpose when introduced.CC BY 3.0 IGOAIRAIR POLLUTANTSAIR QUALITYAIR TRANSPORTALTERNATIVE FUELALTERNATIVE FUELSANNUAL EMISSIONSAPPROACHAUTOMOBILESAUTOMOTIVE FUELAUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRYAVIATION FUELAVIATION GASOLINEBIKESBIO-FUELSBUSBUS LANESBUS SERVICESBUS SYSTEMSBUSESCARCAR MANUFACTURERSCAR OWNERSHIPCARBONCARBON CONTENTCARBON DIOXIDECARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONCARBON EMISSIONCARBON EMISSION INTENSITYCARBON EMISSIONSCARBON INTENSITYCARSCLEAN AIRCLEAN ENERGYCLEAN FUELSCLEANER FUELSCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATIONCOCO2COALCOMBUSTIONCOMMERCIAL VEHICLESCOMMUTERSCONGESTIONCONGESTION CHARGESCONGESTION PRICINGCONGESTION REDUCTIONCRUDE OILDECOMPOSITION METHODDIESELDIESEL OILDOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORTDOMESTIC AVIATIONDRIVERSDRIVINGEFFICIENT VEHICLEELECTRICITYELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY GENERATION MIXELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONEMISSIONEMISSION CHANGEEMISSION COEFFICIENTSEMISSION FACTORSEMISSION GROWTHEMISSION INTENSITYEMISSION STANDARDSEMISSION TRENDSEMISSIONSEMISSIONS FROM FREIGHT TRANSPORTEMISSIONS FROM FUELEMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTIONEMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATIONEMISSIONS GROWTHENERGY CONSUMPTIONENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY MIXENERGY OUTLOOKENERGY POLICYENERGY SHORTAGESENERGY SOURCESENVIRONMENTAL EMISSIONSETHANOLEXCISE TAXEXCISE TAXESFLEETSFOSSILFOSSIL FUELFOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTIONFOSSIL FUELSFREIGHTFREIGHT TRAFFICFREIGHT TRANSPORTFUELFUEL CONSUMPTIONFUEL DEMANDFUEL ECONOMYFUEL EFFICIENCYFUEL EFFICIENCY STANDARDSFUEL MARKETFUEL OILFUEL PRICESFUEL SUBSTITUTIONFUEL SWITCHINGFUEL TYPEFUEL USEFUELSGASOLINEGASOLINE PRICESGHGGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGEGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIESGREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONGREENHOUSE GASESGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHEAVY FUEL OILHIGHWAYHOUSEHOLD TRAVELHYDRO-POWERINCOME TAXINDUSTRIAL CO2 EMISSIONSINFRASTRUCTURE COSTSINTERNATIONAL AVIATIONIPCCKEROSENELIGHT RAILLIGHT RAIL SYSTEMSLIGHTER VEHICLESLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASESMASS TRANSITMILEAGEMODAL SHAREMODAL SHARESMODAL SHIFTMODE OF TRANSPORTMODE OF TRANSPORTATIONMOTOR GASOLINEMOTORISTSNATIONAL EMISSIONSNATURAL GASPASSENGER TRANSPORTPASSENGER TRIPSPASSENGER VEHICLEPASSENGERSPETROLEUMPETROLEUM GASPICKUP TRUCKSPIPELINEPOPULATION GROWTHPOWERPOWER GENERATIONPOWER SECTORPOWER SECTORSPPPRICE OF DIESELPRIVATE TRANSPORTPRIVATE VEHICLESPUBLIC TRANSITPUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMSPUBLIC TRANSPORTPUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMSPUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONRAILRAIL TRANSPORTRAIL TRANSPORTATIONRAILWAYRAPID TRANSITRAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMSREGULAR GASOLINERENEWABLE RESOURCESROADROAD MAINTENANCEROAD TRANSPORTROAD VEHICLESROADSSPEEDSSUBWAYSUGAR CANETAXTAX PAYMENTSTAX RATETAXES ON DIESELTAXISTRAFFIC CONGESTIONTRAFFIC GROWTHTRANSIT BENEFITSTRANSIT SYSTEMSTRANSPORTTRANSPORT ACTIVITYTRANSPORT ENERGY USETRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT MODESTRANSPORT POLICYTRANSPORT POLICY INSTITUTETRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPORT SECTOR EMISSIONSTRANSPORT SERVICETRANSPORT SERVICESTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION ACTIVITYTRANSPORTATION DATATRANSPORTATION FUELSTRANSPORTATION RESEARCHTRANSPORTATION SERVICESTRAVEL DEMANDTRIPTRUCKSTRUEURBAN PASSENGERURBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORTURBAN TRANSPORTUTILIZATION OF ELECTRICITYVEHICLEVEHICLE CLASSESVEHICLE EFFICIENCYVEHICLE FLEETVEHICLE FUELVEHICLE FUEL ECONOMYVEHICLE FUEL EFFICIENCYVEHICLE MODELVEHICLE OCCUPANCYVEHICLE OWNERSHIPVEHICLE OWNERSHIP RATESVEHICLE POPULATIONVEHICLESWorld Bankhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5098