Alam, AndaleebBaez, Javier E.Del Carpio, Ximena V.2012-03-192012-03-192011-05-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3432The Punjab Female School Stipend Program, a female-targeted conditional cash transfer program in Pakistan, was implemented in response to gender gaps in education. An early evaluation of the program shows that the enrollment of eligible girls in middle school increased in the short term by nearly 9 percentage points. This paper uses regression discontinuity and difference-in-difference analyses to show that five years into the program implementation positive impacts do persist. Beneficiary adolescent girls are more likely to progress through and complete middle school and work less. There is suggestive evidence that participating girls delay their marriage and have fewer births by the time they are 19 years old. Girls who are exposed to the program later, and who are eligible for the benefits given in high school, increase their rates of matriculating into and completing high school. The persistence of impacts can potentially translate into gains in future productivity, consumption, inter-generational human capital accumulation and desired fertility. Lastly, there is no evidence that the program has negative spillover effects on educational outcomes of male siblings.CC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC YEARACADEMIC YEARSACCESS TO SCHOOLSADMINISTRATIVE DATAADOLESCENT GIRLSADOLESCENTSADULTSATTENDANCE OF CHILDRENATTENDANCE RATEATTENDING SCHOOLAVERAGE LITERACY RATEBASIC SERVICESBIASESBIRTH ORDERCHILD CARECHILD LABORCOMMUNITIESCOMPLETION RATESDEGREESDEMAND FOR EDUCATIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDISADVANTAGED GROUPDISSERTATIONSDOMESTIC WORKDROP-OUT RATESDROPOUT RATESECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC STATUSECONOMICS OF EDUCATIONEDUCATED WOMENEDUCATION ATTAINMENTEDUCATION DEPARTMENTEDUCATION ECONOMICSEDUCATION FOR GIRLSEDUCATION LEVELSEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SECTOR DEVELOPMENTEDUCATION SERVICESEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL BENEFITSEDUCATIONAL INDICATORSEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMESEDUCATIONAL REFORMEDUCATIONAL SERVICESEDUCATIONAL SYSTEMELIGIBLE CHILDRENENROLLMENT BY GENDERENROLLMENT DATAENROLLMENT LEVELSENROLLMENT OF BOYSENROLLMENT OF GIRLSENROLLMENT RATEENROLLMENT RATIOEXCLUSIONEXPENDITURESFEMALE EDUCATIONFEMALE ENROLLMENTFEMALE SCHOOLINGFEMALE STUDENTSFREE TEXTBOOKSFULL POTENTIALFUTURE RESEARCHGENDER DIFFERENCESGENDER DISPARITIESGENDER DISPARITYGENDER GAPGENDER GAPS IN EDUCATIONGENDER INEQUITIESGIRLS INTO SCHOOLGRADE LEVELSGRADE REPETITIONHEALTH CAREHIGH SCHOOLHIGH SCHOOLSHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER GRADESHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINCENTIVES FOR GIRLSINCLUSIONINCREASING SCHOOL ENROLLMENTINDEXESINTERVENTIONSJOBSLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLEARNINGLEARNING DISPARITIESLEARNING LEVELSLEVELS OF ENROLLMENTLITERACYLITERACY RATELITERACY RATESLITERACY THRESHOLDLITERATURELIVING STANDARDSLOCAL SCHOOL COUNCILSLOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTLOW ENROLLMENTMATHEMATICSMIDDLE SCHOOLMIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATIONMIDDLE SCHOOLSMONTHLY STIPENDNATIONAL EDUCATIONNET ENROLLMENTNEW ENTRANTSNUMBER OF SCHOOLSNUMBERS OF GIRLSNUTRITIONOPEN ACCESSPAPERSPARENTAL EDUCATIONPARENTAL INVOLVEMENTPARTICIPATION RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRIMARY CLASSESPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL ACCESSPRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDRENPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRIVATE EDUCATIONPRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLSPRIVATE SCHOOLPRIVATE SCHOOLSPROVINCIAL EDUCATIONPUBLIC EDUCATIONPUBLIC SCHOOLPUBLIC SCHOOLINGPUBLIC SCHOOLSQUALITY OF INFRASTRUCTURERE-ENTRYRELIGIOUS SCHOOLSREPEATERSRESEARCH CENTERSRESEARCH INSTITUTERESEARCH REPORTRURAL AREASRURAL GIRLSRURAL VILLAGESAFETYSCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMSCHOOL AGESCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL CENSUSSCHOOL CENSUSESSCHOOL COMPLETIONSCHOOL COSTSCHOOL COSTSSCHOOL COUNCILSSCHOOL DATASCHOOL ENROLLMENTSCHOOL ENROLLMENTSSCHOOL ENTRYSCHOOL FACILITIESSCHOOL FEESSCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURESCHOOL LEVELSCHOOL PARTICIPATIONSCHOOL QUALITYSCHOOL REHABILITATIONSCHOOL SUPPLYSCHOOL SWITCHINGSCHOOL-AGESCHOOLINGSCHOOLSSCHOOLS FOR GIRLSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY LEVELSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOLSSOCIAL NORMSSTUDENT TEACHER RATIOSTUDENT-TEACHER RATIOSTEACHERTEACHER RATIOSTEACHERSTEACHINGURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERSYOUNG WOMENYOUTHWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5669