World Bank2014-01-302014-01-302013-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16716Accelerating inclusive growth - the type that creates more and better jobs and reduces poverty - is a key challenge for the Philippines. Instead of rising agricultural productivity paving the way for the development of a vibrant labor-intensive manufacturing sector and subsequently of a high-skill services sector, the converse has taken place in the Philippines. Agricultural productivity has remained depressed, manufacturing has failed to grow sustainably, and a low-productivity, low-skill services sector has emerged as the dominant feature of the economy. Lack of competition in key sectors, insecurity of property rights, complex regulations, and severe underinvestment by the government and the private sector have led to this growth pattern, which is not the norm in the East Asia region. This report analyzes the policy distortions that led to the country's weak employment record, highlights the unique window of opportunity where government, business, labor, and civil society can work together and agree on an agenda on job creation, and outlines a number of recommendations which the reform coalition can consider to put the country on an irreversible path of inclusive growth and address the jobs challenge.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACTIVE LABORACTIVE LABOR MARKETACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMSAGRARIAN REFORMAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBANKING INDUSTRYBARGAINING AGREEMENTBARRIERS TO ENTRYBENEFICIARYBUDGETINGCAPITAL GAINSCASH TRANSFERCLAIMANTSCOLLATERALCOLLATERAL SYSTEMCOLLECTIVE BARGAININGCOLLEGE GRADUATESCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGCOMPLIANCE COSTCOMPLIANCE COSTSCONFLICT OF INTERESTCONSUMER PRICE INDEXCONTESTABLE MARKETSCOOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENTCORE LABOR STANDARDSCREATING JOBSCREATIVE DESTRUCTIONCREDIT BUREAUCREDIT GUARANTEESCURRENCYDEBTDEBT CRISISDEEDSDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDEVELOPMENT CORPORATIONDISADVANTAGED GROUPSDISMISSALDISPUTE RESOLUTIONECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC COOPERATIONECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYABILITYEMPLOYEEEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT GENERATIONEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT PROGRAMEMPLOYMENT PROSPECTSENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENTEQUIPMENTEXCHANGE COMMISSIONEXCHANGE RATEEXPENDITUREEXPENDITURESFAMILY INCOMEFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFIRM ENTRYFISCAL AUTONOMYFISCAL BURDENFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN OWNERSHIPFREE PRESSGAINFUL EMPLOYMENTGOVERNMENT FINANCEGOVERNMENT REGULATIONSGOVERNMENT SPENDINGGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHEALTH INSURANCEHOLDINGHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESINCOME SUPPORTINCOME TAXINFORMAL SECTORINFORMAL SECTOR WORKERSINFORMATION SYSTEMINFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINNOVATIONINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSURANCE CORPORATIONINTERNATIONAL FINANCEINVENTORYINVESTINGINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIESINVESTMENT SPENDINGJOB CREATIONJOB INSECURITYJOB LOSSESJOB SECURITYJOB SEEKERSJOBSJUSTICE SYSTEMLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE SURVEYLABOR MARKET REGULATIONSLABOR MOBILITYLABOR OFFICESLABOR ORGANIZATIONLABOR ORGANIZATIONSLABOR POLICIESLABOR REGULATIONSLABOR RELATIONSLABOR STANDARDSLACK OF COMPETITIONLAND ADMINISTRATIONLAND OWNERSHIPLAND REFORMLAND REGISTRATIONLAND TITLESLANDHOLDERSLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEVEL PLAYING FIELDLEVYLOCAL GOVERNMENTMACROECONOMIC POLICIESMARKET ACCESSMARKET PRICESMARKET VALUESMFISMICRO FINANCEMICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONSMINIMUM WAGEMINIMUM WAGESMONETARY FUNDMONOPOLIESMOVABLE ASSETSMOVABLE PROPERTYNON-FARM SECTOROCCUPATIONSOLIGOPOLIESORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCEORGANIZED LABORPAYMENT SYSTEMSPERFORMANCE INDICATORPERFORMANCE INDICATORSPERFORMANCE MANAGEMENTPOLITICAL INSTITUTIONSPOLITICAL STABILITYPREVIOUS SECTIONPRICES FALLPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE INVESTMENTSPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR JOBPRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTSPROGRAM BENEFICIARIESPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICEPUBLIC FINANCEPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC INVESTMENTSPUBLIC WORKSPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMREAL EXCHANGE RATEREAL INCOMEREAL PROPERTYREAL WAGESREGULATORY CAPACITYREGULATORY FRAMEWORKREGULATORY SYSTEMREMITTANCERETAIL TRADESAFETYSAFETY NETSALARIED WORKERSSAVINGS ACCOUNTSSECURITIESSETTLEMENTSETTLEMENT SYSTEMSKILL SHORTAGESSKILLED WORKERSSKILLS DEVELOPMENTSMALL BUSINESSESSOCIAL WELFARESTABLE JOBSSTRUCTURAL PROBLEMSTAXTAX CODETAX INCENTIVESTAX OBLIGATIONSTAX POLICYTAX REGIMETAX SYSTEMTELECOMMUNICATIONSTOTAL EMPLOYMENTTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITYTRAINING PROGRAMTRAINING PROGRAMSTRANSACTIONTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSPARENCYTREASURYTURNOVERUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCEUNPAID FAMILY WORKERSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONWAGE LEVELSWAGE RATEWAGE RATESWORKERWORKER PRODUCTIVITYWORKERSYOUNG WORKERSWorld Bank10.1596/16716