de Silva de Alwis, Rangita2014-12-302014-12-302014https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21029Global events like the Beijing Women s Conference of 1995 have resulted in the creation of strong international frameworks that set standards for women s rights around the world. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), the Beijing Platform for Action, and other international norms define the scope of universal rights for women and girls, and have opened new spaces for regional and national legal reform. Bottom-up engagement with these international laws and institutions by local and transnational women s movements has catalyzed widespread changes in lawmaking and transformed standard-setting documents into tools for reform. The following paper discusses four important pillars of women s voice and agency (while recognizing that there are others which are beyond the scope of this review): freedom from the risk of violence; freedom of movement; freedom to make decisions on family formation and the freedom to shape policy. It will examine the ways in which these freedoms impact women s voice and the ways in which women are working to reform law and policy to ensure these four freedoms are accessible to all.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABDUCTIONABORTIONABORTIONSACCESS TO EMPLOYMENTACCESS TO JUSTICEADULTERYADVANCEMENT OF WOMENADVOCACYAGE OF MARRIAGEBABYBEATINGSCAPACITY BUILDINGCHILD ABUSECHILD CARECHILD MARRIAGECHILD MARRIAGESCITIZENCITIZENSCITIZENSHIPCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCOERCIONCOMPENSATIONCONTRACEPTIVESCOURTCOURTSCRIMECRIMESCRIMINALCRIMINAL LAWCRIMINAL LAWSCULTURAL PRACTICESCULTURAL RIGHTSCUSTODYCUSTOMARY LAWSCUSTOMARY PRACTICESDEATH PENALTYDECRIMINALIZATIONDEPENDENT CHILDRENDISABILITYDISCRIMINATIONDISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMENDISMISSALDIVORCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMICILEEARLY PREGNANCIESEARLY PREGNANCYECONOMIC RESOURCESECONOMIC TRANSITIONELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATIONEMPLOYMENT LAWSEMPLOYMENT OF WOMENEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESENFORCEMENT OF LAWSEPIDEMICEQUAL BASIS WITH MENEQUAL OPPORTUNITIESEQUAL OPPORTUNITYEQUAL RIGHTSEQUALITY WITH MENETHICAL VALUESEXTENDED FAMILYEXTRAMARITAL SEXFAMILIESFAMILY FORMATIONFAMILY LAWFAMILY MEMBERSFAMILY PLANNINGFAMILY VIOLENCEFEMALEFEMALE CHILDRENFEMICIDEFEMINISTFORMS OF DISCRIMINATIONFUNDAMENTAL RIGHTSGAYSGENDERGENDER EQUALITYGENDER SENSITIVITYGENDER STEREOTYPESGIRL CHILDRENGLOBAL ACTIONGLOBAL DEVELOPMENTGLOBAL POLICYHARMFUL PRACTICESHARMFUL TRADITIONAL PRACTICESHEAD OF THE FAMILYHEALTH CAREHEALTH LAWHEALTH LAWSHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH RISKSHOMEHOME AFFAIRSHOME VISITSHOMESHOUSESHUMAN BEINGSHUMAN RIGHTHUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN TRAFFICKINGHUSBANDHUSBANDSIMMIGRATIONIMPACT OF VIOLENCEIMPLEMENTATION OF LAWSIMPRISONMENTINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSURANCEINTERNATIONAL AGENDAINTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH ON WOMENINTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONSINTERNATIONAL COVENANTINTERNATIONAL LAWINTERNATIONAL LAWSINTERNATIONAL TREATIESINTERNATIONAL WOMENISLAMIC LAWJUDGEJUDGESJUSTICELABOR CODELABOR LAWLABOUR CODELABOUR LAWLEGAL AIDLEGAL CHANGESLEGAL PROTECTIONLEGAL REFORMLEGAL REFORMSLEGAL SERVICESLEGISLATIONLEGISLATIVE CHANGESLEGISLATORSLESBIANSLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLIBERTYLOCAL GOVERNMENTSMALE PARTNERSMANDATESMARITAL RAPEMARRIAGE AGEMARRIAGESMARRIED COUPLESMARRIED MANMARRIED WOMANMATERNITY LEAVEMENTAL HEALTHMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINISTRY OF LABOURMISOGYNYMUNICIPAL AUTHORITIESNATIONALSNUCLEAR FAMILYOFFENCESOFFENDERSOFFENSESOPPRESSIONPARADIGM SHIFTPATERNALISMPENAL CODEPENAL CODESPENALTIES FOR ADULTERYPENSIONPENSIONSPERSONAL STATUSPOLICE OFFICERPOLICE OFFICERSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLITICAL PROCESSPOLITICAL RIGHTSPOPULATION CONFERENCEPREGNANCIESPREGNANCYPREGNANT WOMENPRISONPRIVACYPROGRESSPSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSEPUBLIC LIFEPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SPHEREPUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONRAPERAPE VICTIMRAPISTREFORM LAWSREFUGEEREGIONAL CONFERENCESREPRODUCTIVE ROLESRESIDENCERESIDENCESRESPECTRIGHTS ADVOCATESRIGHTS AGENDARIGHTS OF WOMENROLE OF WOMENSANCTIONSANCTIONSSERVICE PROVIDERSSEXSEXUAL ACTIVITYSEXUAL ADVANCESSEXUAL ASSAULTSEXUAL HARASSMENTSEXUAL INTERCOURSESEXUAL ORIENTATIONSEXUAL VIOLENCESHADOW REPORTSHARIASHARIA LAWSHARIAHSHARIAH LAWSOCIAL AFFAIRSSOCIAL CHANGESOCIAL MOVEMENTSSOCIAL NORMSSOCIAL SECTORSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SERVICESOCIAL WORKERSSOCIETAL NORMSSON PREFERENCESPOUSESTALKINGSTATE GOVERNMENTSSURVIVORS OF VIOLENCESUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTOLERANCETRADITIONAL GENDER ROLESTRADITIONAL PRACTICESTRANSPORTATIONUNIONSVICTIMSVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMENVIOLENCE ON WOMENVIOLENCE VICTIMSWIDOWSWIFEWILLWOMANWOMENAPOS;S ISSUESWOMENAPOS;S LAWWORK FORCEWORKFORCEWORLD CONFERENCEYOUNG AGEYOUNG GIRLS10.1596/21029