World BankAsian Development Bank2017-05-242017-05-242012https://hdl.handle.net/10986/26743Developed at the request of the Mexican G20 Presidency for consideration by the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors at the G20 Leaders' Summit in Mexico, and jointly prepared with the Asian Development Bank, this policy paper positioned green transport in the context of cities development. Urban transport determines the shape of a city and its ecological footprint. Many cities in low and middle income countries are at a crossroads. Policy decisions taken now, while car use is still relatively low and cities retain a relatively transit friendly, compact urban form, will affect how people will live in their cities for many decades into the future. A new paradigm of urban transport can be part of the solution to reversing the deteriorating situation in some cities of developing countries, and supporting others to embark on a sustainable, low carbon, green growth path: developing a city for people rather than cars, and including public and mass transport as a major component of the modal structure. Implementing such a new paradigm can be truly transformational. This joint World Bank and Asian Development Bank paper lays out six aspects, which are most difficult to align, yet, are critical to ensure the sustainability of urban transport systems, visionary leadership, integrated strategy for land use and urban transport, coordination among agencies, domestic capacity, adequate cost recovery, and private participation in the operation and construction of urban transport systems. The paper proposes a set of new initiatives for G20 leaders' consideration, including the development of an umbrella toolkit to guide policy makers in charge of urban planning to make transport decisions best suited to their local contexts.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESSIBILITYAGGLOMERATION BENEFITSAGGLOMERATION ECONOMIESAIRARTERIAL ROADSAVERAGE TRAFFIC SPEEDSBICYCLE FACILITIESBICYCLE LANESBULLET TRAINBUSBUS SERVICEBUS SERVICESBUS STOPSBUSESCAPITAL INVESTMENTCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCARCAR USECARBON EMISSIONSCARBON EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTCARSCITY BUSCITY TRANSPORTCLIMATE CHANGECOMMUTER RAILCONGESTIONCONGESTION CHARGESCONGESTION CHARGINGCONGESTION PRICINGCYCLISTSDEMAND FOR CAR OWNERSHIPDEMAND FOR MOBILITYDEMAND FOR TRANSPORTDEMAND FOR TRANSPORT SERVICESDRIVINGEFFICIENT TRAVELELECTRIC VEHICLESEMISSIONEMISSION REDUCTIONSENERGY CONSUMPTIONENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITSENVIRONMENTAL COSTSENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSEXTERNALITIESFARE REDUCTIONSFARE STRUCTUREFARESFOSSIL FUELSFREIGHTFUELFUEL ECONOMYFUEL SUBSIDIESFUEL TAXATIONFUEL TAXESGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSE GASESHEAVY TRAFFICHIGHWAYSHYBRID VEHICLESINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINFRASTRUCTURE POLICIESINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTSINTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMSINTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATIONINTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMSJOURNEYSLAND TRANSPORTLAND TRANSPORT AUTHORITYLAND USELAND USE PATTERNSLIGHT RAILLIGHT RAIL TRANSITLOWER CARBON EMISSIONSMASS RAPID TRANSITMASS TRANSITMASS TRANSIT SYSTEMMETRO RAILMETROPOLITAN TRANSPORTMETROPOLITAN TRANSPORT AUTHORITYMOBILITYMODAL SHIFTMODAL SPLITMULTIMODAL TRANSPORTNOISENOISE POLLUTIONNONMOTORIZED TRANSPORTPASSENGERSPEDESTRIANPEDESTRIAN NEEDSPEDESTRIAN WALKWAYSPEDESTRIANSPERSONAL MOTOR VEHICLESPERSONAL VEHICLESPOLLUTIONPOPULATION GROWTHPRIVATE VEHICLESPUBLIC TRANSITPUBLIC TRANSIT NETWORKPUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMSPUBLIC TRANSIT USEPUBLIC TRANSPORTPUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC TRANSPORT INVESTMENTSPUBLIC TRANSPORT MODESPUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKPUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKSPUBLIC TRANSPORT PROVISIONPUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICESPUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMPUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMSPUBLIC TRANSPORT USEPUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONPUBLIC TRANSPORTATION NETWORKRAILRAIL CARSRAIL INFRASTRUCTURERAIL LINERAIL LINESRAIL SYSTEMRAILWAYRAILWAY STATIONSRAILWAYSRAPID TRANSITRAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMSREGIONAL TRANSPORTRIDERSHIPROADROAD ACCIDENTSROAD BUILDINGROAD DESIGNROAD INFRASTRUCTUREROAD NETWORKROAD PRICINGROAD SAFETYROAD SECTORROAD SPACEROAD SYSTEMSROAD TOLLSROAD TRAFFICROAD TRANSPORTROADSROLLING STOCKROUTESAFETYSIDEWALKSSMART GROWTHSTREET SPACESTREETSSUBURBAN RAILSUBURBAN RAIL STATIONSSUBURBAN RAIL SYSTEMSSUBURBSSUBWAYSUBWAY SYSTEMSUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTTAXTAXISTRAFFICTRAFFIC CONGESTIONTRAFFIC DEMANDTRAFFIC FLOWTRAFFIC GROWTHTRAFFIC MANAGEMENTTRAFFIC VOLUMETRAINSTRAMTRAMWAYTRANSITTRANSIT CORRIDORSTRANSIT OPTIONTRANSIT STATIONSTRANSIT SYSTEMSTRANSPORTTRANSPORT ACTIVITYTRANSPORT COMMUNITYTRANSPORT CORRIDORSTRANSPORT DATATRANSPORT DECISIONSTRANSPORT DEMANDTRANSPORT EMISSIONSTRANSPORT FACILITIESTRANSPORT FINANCETRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT INVESTMENTTRANSPORT MANAGEMENTTRANSPORT MEASURESTRANSPORT PLANNINGTRANSPORT PROBLEMSTRANSPORT PROJECTSTRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPORT STRATEGYTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVESTRANSPORTATION DEMANDTRANSPORTATION INVESTMENTSTRANSPORTATION OPTIONSTRANSPORTATION SYSTEMTRANSPORTATION TERMINALSTRAVEL TIMESTRAVELERSTRIPTRIPSTROLLEY BUSTRUEUNDERGROUNDURBAN ROADURBAN TRANSPORTURBAN TRANSPORT PLANNINGURBAN TRANSPORT POLICYURBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMSURBAN TRANSPORTATIONVEHICLEVEHICLE ENGINEVEHICLE FLEETSVEHICLE KILOMETERSVEHICLE OWNERSHIPVEHICLE USEWALKINGWALKING DISTANCEReportWorld Bank and Asian Development Bank10.1596/26743