World Bank2025-01-072025-01-072025-01-07https://hdl.handle.net/10986/42621Migration is a global phenomenon that significantly affects individuals, families, and the broader society, offering prospects for socioeconomic development in both origin and destination countries. Africa is experiencing many of the factors that drive migration and is anticipated to be the origin of the largest share of the world’s migrants in the forthcoming years. Similar to many African nations, São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) is affected by migration, especially emigration pressures related to its small island characteristics. STP faces substantial economic hurdles common to small island developing nations, including limited land area, a small domestic market, and heavy reliance on imports, which together constrain opportunities for economic diversification and growth. Furthermore, the country’s economy is highly susceptible to external shocks, particularly those related to climate change, as extreme weather events and rising sea levels threaten its agricultural productivity and fishing industries. The island nation also faces mounting pressure on its job market and public services, exacerbating unemployment and underemployment issues. This study seeks to advance the understanding of the dynamics of migration and remittances in STP and their socioeconomic impacts for vulnerable families, and provide recommendations to foster a better migration model.en-USCC BY-NC 3.0 IGOMIGRATIONLIMITED LAND AREASMALL DOMESTIC MARKETSOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTVULNERABLE FAMILIESMIGRATION MODELSReportWorld Bank10.1596/42621https://doi.org/10.1596/42621