Vélez, Carlos E.Al-Shawarby, SherineEl-Laithy, Heba2012-12-212012-12-212012-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12011This paper provides relevant indicators and measurements useful for public policies seeking the expansion of equitable human development opportunities for Egyptian children and youth. To measure equitable access to opportunities, the authors use the Human Opportunity Index to examine the evolution of 16 basic opportunity indicators grouped in four sectors: education, basic housing services, early childhood development, and nutrition and hunger. The main findings show that during the last decade most opportunities for children and youth improved unambiguously,for the first two sectors, but were stagnant for nutrition and early childhood development opportunities. Although the urban-rural and interregional gaps were partially reduced, there are still substantial opportunity gaps between children in favorable and unfavorable circumstances. Parents' education, income per capita, urban-rural location, number of siblings, and regional location, are the five most important factors affecting equality of opportunity, although their impact varies across indicators.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE POVERTYACCESS TO OPPORTUNITYACCESS TO SANITATIONADEQUATE NUTRITIONADOLESCENTSAGE GROUPSALLOCATION OF RESOURCESBASIC SOCIAL SERVICESBREASTFEEDINGCARE FOR CHILDRENCASH TRANSFER PROGRAMCHILD GROWTHCHILD HEALTHCHILD PROTECTIONCHILDHOOD ILLNESSESCHRONIC MALNUTRITIONCLEAN WATERCONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERSCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURECRIMECYCLE OF POVERTYDEVELOPMENT POLICYDIETDISABILITIESDISEASESEARLY CHILDHOODEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONEARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTIONSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTEDUCATION INFRASTRUCTUREEDUCATION POLICIESEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATIONAL SERVICESELDERLYEMPLOYMENT STATUSENROLLMENTEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITYEQUITABLE ACCESSFAMILY HEALTHFAMILY MEMBERSFORMAL EDUCATIONGENERAL EDUCATIONGIRLSHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH SERVICESHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD NUMBERHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTILLNESSESIMMUNIZATIONINCOME POVERTYINFANTSINTERREGIONAL CONVERGENCEINVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONIRONIRRIGATIONLAWSLEVEL OF POVERTYLITERACYLITERACY CLASSESLIVING CONDITIONSLOCAL DEVELOPMENTMETROPOLITAN REGIONMETROPOLITAN REGIONSMOTHERNATAL CARENATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL PROJECTNATURAL GASNEWSLETTERNUMBER OF CHILDRENNUMBER OF PEOPLENUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIESNUTRITIONAL STATUSOLD CHILDRENPILOT PROJECTSPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOOR CHILDRENPOOR FAMILIESPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR PARENTSPOPULATION GROUPSPOPULATION SIZEPOTABLE WATERPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRENATAL CAREPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY HEALTHCAREPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRODUCTIVITYPROGRESSPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC POLICYQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY OF LIFEREGIONAL CONVERGENCEREGIONAL DIFFERENCESREGIONAL GAPSREGIONAL LOCATIONREGIONAL RANKINGREGIONAL TARGETINGREGISTRATION FEESREMOTE AREASRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRURAL AREASRURAL GAPSSAFETY NETSANITATIONSCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL CHILDRENSCHOOLSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSERVICES FOR CHILDRENSIBLINGSSOCIAL JUSTICESOCIAL MOBILITYSOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL PROTECTIONSPOUSESTUNTINGTEACHER RATIOTEACHERSTEENTEEN PREGNANCYTRANSPORTATIONUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONURBAN AREASURBAN POPULATIONVACCINATIONVACCINESVICIOUS CYCLEVITAMIN AVULNERABLE GROUPSWASTINGWELLNESSYOUTHPrenatal careWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6159