Williams, Mark D. J.2012-03-192012-03-192010978-0-8213-8172-4https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2422Many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa see information and communication technology (ICT) as a necessary foundation for long-term economic development. While the region has been very successful in increasing access to basic voice communications, there has been no comparable improvement in broadband connectivity. In fact, the broadband access gap between Sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world is getting wider just as the gap in basic voice communications is getting smaller. Increasing access to broadband connectivity is therefore emerging as a high priority for policy makers across the continent. This book begins with a brief review of the ICT market and considers the extent of demand for broadband and the ICT services that high-capacity backbone networks make possible. This is followed by a review of the existing coverage of backbone networks in the region, a discussion of how this compares with other parts of the world, and an analysis of the possible explanations for the current pattern of network development. Finally, the book presents a set of policy options that governments in Sub-Saharan Africa might consider in promoting the development of backbone networks in their countries.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO INFORMATIONACCESS TO RADIOACCESS TO THE INTERNETALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTBACKBONEBACKBONE NETWORKSBACKBONESBANDWIDTHBASICBORDER CROSSINGBROADBANDBROADBAND CONNECTIVITYBROADBAND NETWORKBUSINESS DECISIONSBUSINESS SERVICESBUSINESSESCAPACITY BUILDINGCARRIERSCELLULAR NETWORKSCELLULAR TECHNOLOGYCITIESCODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESSCOMMERCIAL BUSINESSCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYCOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKCOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKSCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGYCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVE FORCESCOMPONENTSCOPYINGCOPYRIGHTCUSTOMER BASEDATA COMMUNICATIONSDATA SERVICESDATA TRANSFERDIGITALDIGITAL DIVIDEDISPUTE RESOLUTIONDOIDRIVERSE-GOVERNMENTE-GOVERNMENT PROJECTSE-MAILECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIES OF SCALEELECTRICITYENABLING ENVIRONMENTEND USERSENERGY INFRASTRUCTUREEQUIPMENTFINANCIAL BURDENFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFIXED COSTSFUNCTIONALITYGATEWAYSGENERAL TELECOMMUNICATIONSGEOGRAPHICAL AREASGICTGOVERNMENT POLICYHARDWAREHARMONIZATIONHIGH-BANDWIDTHHIGH-SPEEDICTINDEXINGINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERSINSTALLATIONINSTANT ACCESSINSTITUTIONINTERNAL COMMUNICATIONSINTERNET CONTENTINTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERINTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERSINTERNET SERVICESINTERNET TRAFFICINTERURBAN ROUTESIPISPISPSJOINT VENTURESJOURNALSLEASED LINESLEGAL FRAMEWORKLICENSELICENSESLICENSINGLITERACYLONG-DISTANCEMARKET SEGMENTATIONMARKET SHAREMATERIALMOBILE NETWORKMOBILE NETWORKSMOBILE PHONEMOBILE TELEPHONESMULTIPLE ACCESSNATIONAL RAILWAYNETWORK CONNECTIONSNETWORK DEVELOPMENTNETWORK ECONOMICSNETWORK INFRASTRUCTURENETWORK SERVICESNETWORK TECHNOLOGIESNETWORK TECHNOLOGYNETWORK TRAFFICPENETRATION RATEPERSONAL COMPUTERSPOLICY FRAMEWORKPOPULATION DENSITYPRICE-SENSITIVEPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTPROTOCOLQUALITY OF SERVICEQUERIESRADIORADIO SPECTRUMRAILWAYRAILWAY COMPANIESRAILWAY LINESRAILWAY NETWORKSRAILWAYSREDUCTION OF COSTSREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTSREGULATORY FRAMEWORKREGULATORY FRAMEWORKSREGULATORY REQUIREMENTSRESULTRESULTSRETAIL PRICEROADROADSROUTEROUTESROUTINGSATELLITESATELLITESSCIENCE FOUNDATIONSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE-LEVEL AGREEMENTSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSUBMARINE CABLESSUPPLY CHAINTAXATIONTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETELECOMTELECOMMUNICATIONTELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURETELECOMMUNICATIONS LAWTELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKETSTELECOMMUNICATIONS OPERATORSTELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTORTELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICESTELEPHONETELEPHONE NETWORKTELEPHONE NETWORKSTELEVISIONTRAFFIC FLOWSTRAFFIC PATTERNSTRAFFIC VOLUMESTRANSMISSIONTRANSPORTTRUEUNIVERSAL SERVICEUNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONUSERVEHICLEVOICE-OVER-INTERNET PROTOCOLVOIPVOLUME OF TRAFFICWIRELESSWIRELESS TECHNOLOGIESWORLD TRADEWWWWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-8172-4