Quintero, Juan D.Roca, RobertoMorgan, AlexisMathur, AradhnaShi, Xiaoxin2017-08-142017-08-142010-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27751This report presents the results of extensive work of the smart green infrastructure task force commissioned by the World Bank under the Global Tiger Initiative (GTI). The report benefited from advice, ideas, and information about tigers and tiger-friendly infrastructure development from staff at the World Bank, and from several institutions that promote tiger and biodiversity conservation throughout the world. This study addresses infrastructure's impacts on tigers at international, national, sectoral and project levels in combination with the mitigation hierarchy which is based on avoidance, mitigation, minimization and compensation of impacts. It examines infrastructure policy challenges and opportunities, using lessons learned from case studies, along with regional and in-country analyses. While there are opportunities for improvement in all countries, Russia, India, Bhutan, and Nepal has, in particular, developed good foundations for tiger-related conservation, planning, and policy efforts. Best practices, drawn from case studies in non-tiger range countries, provide additional insights into infrastructure practices that could benefit tiger populations. Avoiding Tiger Conservation Landscapes (TCLs) is the best and cheapest option available to all parties for saving wild tigers.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS FOR POACHERSACCESS ROADSACCESS TO WILDLIFEACCESSIBILITYACTION PLANACTION PLANSADAPTIVE MANAGEMENTAIRALTERNATIVE LIVELIHOODSANIMALANIMAL SPECIESANIMALSASSESSMENT REPORTSAWARENESS BUILDINGBARRIER EFFECTBASELINE DATABASELINE RESEARCHBEARBEHAVIORAL RESPONSESBIG CATBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIODIVERSITY LOSSESBIODIVERSITY VALUEBIOLOGICAL DIVERSITYBIOLOGISTSBIOSPHEREBIOSPHERE RESERVEBREEDINGBREEDING HABITATSBREEDING POPULATIONSBRIDGEBUFFER ZONESCAMERA TRAPSCASPIAN TIGERCLIMATE CHANGECOMMUNITY ENGAGEMENTCOMMUNITY RANGERSCONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKCONSERVATION BENEFITSCONSERVATION EFFORTSCONSERVATION LANDSCAPESCONSERVATION OF NATURECONSERVATION PLANNINGCONSERVATION SCIENCECORE AREASCOST-BENEFIT ANALYSISCOUGARSCRITICAL ECOSYSTEMCRITICAL HABITATCRITICAL HABITATSCROSSINGCROSSINGSCUBSCULTURAL RESOURCESCULTURAL VALUESDEGRADED HABITATDIVERSITY OF HABITATSDOWNSTREAM ECOSYSTEMSDRAINAGEDRIVERSECOSYSTEMECOSYSTEMSELEPHANTELEPHANTSEMISSIONSENCROACHMENTENDANGERED SPECIESENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCYENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONSENVIRONMENTAL VALUESEXOTIC SPECIESEXPOSUREEXTINCTIONFAUNAFENCEFENCESFENCINGFINANCIAL INCENTIVEFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFLORAFOOD CHAINFORESTFOREST COVERFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST RANGERSFOREST ROADSFOREST STEWARDSHIPFORESTSGAS EMISSIONSGENETICGENETIC DIVERSITYGENETIC STUDYGENETIC VARIATIONGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATIONGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMSGRASSLANDSHABITAT AREASHABITAT CONSERVATIONHABITAT DEGRADATIONHABITAT FRAGMENTATIONHABITAT LOSSHABITAT PROTECTIONHABITATSHARMHIGHWAYHIGHWAYSHUMAN ACTIVITIESHUMAN ACTIVITYHUMAN POPULATIONHUMAN POPULATION GROWTHHUMAN SETTLEMENTHUNTINGILLEGAL TRADEIMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITYINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTSINFRASTRUCTURE PLANNINGINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTSINFRASTRUCTURESINTACT HABITATISSUESLAND CLEARANCELAND USELAND-USE PLANNINGLANDSCAPE DESIGNLARGE CARNIVORESLARGE CATSLARGE MAMMALSLARGE TRACTS OF FORESTLEOPARDLOSS OF BIODIVERSITYLOSS OF PREYLOSS OF TIGERSLOWLAND RAIN FORESTSMIGRATORY ROUTESMINING OPERATIONSMOVEMENT CORRIDORSNATIONAL CONSERVATION POLICIESNATIONAL PARKNATIONAL PARKSNATIVE HABITATNATURAL HABITATNATURAL HABITATSNATURAL RESOURCESNATURE RESERVESNOISEPARK BOUNDARIESPOACHERSPOACHINGPOPULATION DECLINEPOPULATION GROWTHPREDATORSPREYPREY POPULATIONSPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC PARTICIPATIONPUBLIC WORKSRAILROADSRAIN FORESTSRAINFORESTREFUGERESERVESRIGHT OF WAYRIVER BASINSROADROAD CONSTRUCTIONROAD DENSITYROAD INFRASTRUCTUREROAD NETWORKSROADSROUTERURAL INFRASTRUCTURERURAL ROADSSATELLITE IMAGERYSET ASIDESITUATION FOR TIGERSSPECIESSPECIES COMPOSITIONSPECIES SURVIVALSUITABLE HABITATSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE FORESTRYTAXTHREATS TO TIGERSTIGERTIGER AREASTIGER CONSERVATIONTIGER CONSERVATION PROGRAMSTIGER DENSITIESTIGER EXPERTSTIGER HABITATTIGER HABITATSTIGER HUNTINGTIGER MONITORINGTIGER NUMBERSTIGER POACHINGTIGER POPULATIONTIGER POPULATIONSTIGER RANGETIGER RANGE COUNTRIESTIGER RANGE COUNTRYTIGER TRADETIGERSTOP PREDATORSTRADE IN TIGER PARTSTRAFFICTRAILSTRANSPORTTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURETREESTROPICAL BIODIVERSITYUNDERPASSESVEGETATIONVIABLE POPULATIONSWATERSHEDWEAK ENFORCEMENTWILD TIGERWILD TIGER POPULATIONSWILD TIGERSWILDLIFEWILDLIFE CONSERVATIONWILDLIFE HABITATWILDLIFE POPULATIONSWILDLIFE REFUGEWILDLIFE UNDERPASSWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/27751