Pierre-Louis, Anne MaryseEl-Saharty, SamehStanciole, AndersonJonas, OlgaPascual, F. BrianOelrichs, RobertLorenzo, Montserrat MeiroVillafana, TonyaLavadenz, FernandoRock, Marcia2017-05-312017-05-312012-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/26806Strengthening public health, that is, improving the health of whole populations through action across all relevant sectors is at the heart of the World Bank's mission. This policy note takes stock of the global progress in public health over the past decade; lays out the challenges that must be addressed for this progress to be sustained and accelerated; and proposes an approach for the Bank to maximize its contribution to public health in the years ahead. This note comes at a critical juncture, given the important gains made in public health over the past decade. Key global indicators, including life expectancy at birth, under-five mortality and maternal mortality, have shown steady improvement, while initiatives such as the scale-up of polio vaccination and the distribution of bed nets to combat malaria have saved millions of lives. The Bank is proud to have worked with countries and development partners to contribute to these achievements. The note emphasizes that the Bank will need to root its future public health efforts in its areas of comparative advantage, including its capacity to analyze the economic and development impact of health investments, and its extensive experience in working across sectors for health results. The Bank finances investments in all the sectors that impact health, including education, social protection, infrastructure, water and sanitation and transportation, to name a few, and is well placed to help mobilize such sectors through coordinated, population-based interventions to improve health and accelerate development. Given its analytic capability, the Bank has a potentially critical role to play in focusing finite budgets on the most cost-effective actions, particularly in prevention and health promotion.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESAGINGAIDS RELIEFALCOHOL ABUSEALCOHOL CONSUMPTIONBABYBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC NEEDSBURNSCAPACITY BUILDINGCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESCAUSE OF DISABILITYCERVICAL CANCERCHILD CARECHILD HEALTHCHILD MORBIDITYCHILD MORTALITYCHILDBIRTHCHRONIC MALNUTRITIONCITIZENSCLIMATE CHANGECOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOMMUNITY HEALTHCOMPLICATIONSDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGESDEMOGRAPHIC TRENDSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDEVELOPMENT OF POLICIESDEVELOPMENT POLICYDIABETESDIETDIPHTHERIADISABILITIESDISABILITYDISASTERSDISSEMINATIONDRUGSEARLY CHILDHOODEARLY DETECTIONEARTHQUAKEECONOMIC CHANGEECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC POLICIESECOSYSTEMEFFECTIVE GOVERNANCEEFFECTIVE POLICIESEMERGENCIESEMERGENCY PLANENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGEENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONEPIDEMICEQUITABLE ACCESSESSENTIAL MEDICINESFAMILIESFERTILITY RATESFERTILITY SURVEYFLU PANDEMICFOOD SECURITYFOREIGN ASSISTANCE PROGRAMGLOBAL DEVELOPMENTGLOBAL EFFORTGLOBAL HEALTHGOOD GOVERNANCEGOVERNMENT CAPACITYGOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTSGOVERNMENT POLICIESHEALTH CONSEQUENCESHEALTH EDUCATIONHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH IMPACTHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INITIATIVESHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH INVESTMENTSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICIESHEALTH POLICYHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH PROMOTIONHEALTH REFORMHEALTH REGULATIONSHEALTH RESEARCHHEALTH RESULTSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTH-SECTORHEALTHY CITIESHEALTHY LIFESTYLESHOUSEHOLD ASSETSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN HEALTHHUMAN POPULATIONHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTHYGIENEILL HEALTHILLITERACYILLNESSILLNESSESIMMUNIZATIONIMPACT ON HEALTHIMPORTANCE OF POPULATIONIMPROVEMENT OF HEALTHINDOOR AIR POLLUTIONINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINFANTINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFLUENZAINJURIESINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONINTERNATIONAL EFFORTSINTERVENTIONISOLATIONLABOR FORCELABOR SUPPLYLAWSLEADING CAUSE OF DEATHLEADING CAUSESLEADING CAUSES OF DEATHLEVELS OF FERTILITYLIFE EXPECTANCYLIMITED RESOURCESLIVE BIRTHSMALARIAMARKETINGMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOMEASLESMEDICAL TREATMENTMEDICINESMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORBIDITYMORTALITYMORTALITY RATEMORTALITY RISKMOVEMENT OF PEOPLENATIONAL LEVELSNEW INFECTIONSNUMBER OF CHILDRENNUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL STATUSOFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEORAL REHYDRATION THERAPYPANDEMICPOLICY DECISIONSPOLICY DIALOGUEPOLICY MAKERSPOLIOPOLLUTIONPOOR HEALTHPOOR NUTRITIONPREMATURE DEATHPREVENTABLE DISEASEPREVENTABLE DISEASESPREVENTION INTERVENTIONSPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRODUCTIVE YEARSPROGRESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONSPUBLIC HEALTH POLICIESPUBLIC HEALTH POLICYPUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMSQUALITY CAREQUALITY CONTROLRABIESRATE OF GROWTHREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESPIRATORY DISEASESRISK FACTORSSAFE DRINKING WATERSAFE WATERSANITATIONSCARCE RESOURCESSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSEGMENTS OF SOCIETYSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVISIONSEXSEX WITH MENSMOKINGSOCIAL CHANGESOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL PARTICIPATIONSOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL WELFARESURVIVAL OF CHILDRENSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETETANUSTRANSPORTATIONTUBERCULOSISTUBERCULOSIS CONTROLUNDER-FIVE MORTALITYUNFPAUNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUNDURBAN AREASURBAN ENVIRONMENTSURBAN POPULATIONURBANIZATIONVACCINATIONVACCINESVICTIMSVIOLENCEVULNERABILITYWHOOPING COUGHWORKERSWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONYOUNG PEOPLEPolicy NoteWorld Bank10.1596/26806