World Bank2012-06-182012-06-182005-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8308This report sets out a new poverty line methodology for Turkey, as the basic measure of poverty in the country. However, several poverty lines are calculated for the purpose of international comparability, and comparability to the Bank's poverty measures, using the 1987 and 1994 data. The basic data used in Volume One are from the official 2002 Household Budget Survey (HBS). The analysis refers generally to the new poverty line methodology that results in 27 percent poor. This line is called "complete" poverty line, and is referred to as "Total poverty" in statistical tables. An in-depth analysis of the 2002 Household Budget Survey (HBS) compared to that from 1994, shows that living standards in Turkey remained almost unchanged. Poverty based on the previous methodology declined gradually from 1987 to 2002, from 38.5 percent to 34.5 percent. Poverty based on the updated methodology declined from 28.3 percent to 27 percent from 1994 to 2002. On the other hand, marginal inequality increased. Extreme poverty, already low, further declined from 1994 to 2002. Food poverty declined from 2.9 to 1.4 percent, while $1 per person per day poverty, depending on purchasing power parity (PPP) used, was 2-3 percent, or even negligible (0.2 percent). The poverty-growth decomposition demonstrated that while economic growth was a main driving force in poverty reduction, much of the gains from growth were offset by inequality, which slightly worsened from 1994 to 2002. The timing of the two major surveys in Turkey - 1994 and 2002 - dictates the frame for the comparisons. Unfortunately, due to the macroeconomic instability, living standards between these two years have not improved. The conclusion that stems from this analysis is therefore that growth between 1994 and 2002 was not sufficiently strong to produce any sizable reduction in poverty, and the impact of the little growth there was, was dampened by an increase in inequality.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE POVERTYAGRICULTURAL LANDCAPITA GROWTHCAPITAL ACCOUNTSCAPITAL FLOWSCAPITAL INFLOWSCASH INCOMECASH TRANSFERSCHILD MORTALITYDESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSDEVELOPMENT INDICATORSDEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMEECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC COOPERATIONECONOMIC GROWTHEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT STATUSEQUIVALENT CONSUMPTIONEXCHANGE RATEEXCHANGE RATE REGIMEEXPENDITURE QUINTILESEXTREME POVERTYFAMILIESFEMALE LITERACYFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL SECTORFOOD BASKETFOOD CONSUMPTIONFOOD GOODSFOOD POVERTYFOREIGN EXCHANGEGROWTH PERFORMANCEGROWTH RATESHEALTH CAREHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGEHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POSTSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH STATUSHIGH GROWTHHIGH INFLATIONHOSPITAL BEDSHOSPITALIZATIONHOUSEHOLD BUDGETHOUSEHOLD COMPOSITIONHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURESHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD POVERTYHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTHUMAN DEVELOPMENT SECTOR UNITINCOMEINCOME POVERTYINCOME QUINTILEINCOME QUINTILESINDEXESINEQUALITYINEQUALITY MEASURESINFANTSINSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTINSURANCELABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLAND SIZELIVING STANDARDSMACROECONOMIC INSTABILITYMACROECONOMIC OUTCOMESMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMARKET ECONOMIESMULTIVARIATE ANALYSISNATIONAL ACCOUNTSOUTPATIENT CAREPENSION SYSTEMPER CAPITA GROWTHPOORPOVERTY ASSESSMENTPOVERTY CHANGEPOVERTY CHANGESPOVERTY GAPPOVERTY GAP INDEXPOVERTY HEADCOUNTPOVERTY INCIDENCEPOVERTY INCREASESPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MEASUREMENTPOVERTY MEASURESPOVERTY PROFILEPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY STATUSPOVERTY TRENDSPRIMARY CAREPRIMARY SCHOOLPUBLIC POLICIESPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SECTOR REFORMPUBLIC SPENDINGPURCHASING POWER PARITYQUALITATIVE DATAQUALITATIVE INFORMATIONQUANTITATIVE DATAREAL INCOMESREFORM PROGRAMREGIONAL DIMENSIONSREGIONAL DISTRIBUTIONREPRESENTATIVE SAMPLERESOURCE ALLOCATIONRURALRURAL AREASRURAL EMPLOYMENTRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL POPULATIONRURAL POVERTYRURAL POVERTY RATESSCHOOL GRADUATESSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SERVICESSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISESSTRUCTURAL REFORMSSURVEY HOUSEHOLDTARGETINGTEAM MEMBERSTEAM WORKINGTECHNICAL ASSISTANCEUNEMPLOYMENTURBAN AREASURBAN HOUSEHOLDSURBAN POPULATIONWorld Bank10.1596/8308