World BankInternational Finance Corporation2014-11-122014-11-1220139-781-4729-0643-4https://hdl.handle.net/10986/20528In the past 50 years women's legal status has improved all over the world. But many laws still make it difficult for women to fully participate in economic life whether by getting jobs or starting businesses. Discriminatory rules bar women from certain jobs, restrict access to capital for women-owned firms and limit women's capacity to make legal decisions. Gender differences in laws affect both developing and developed economies, and women in all regions. Women, business, and the law measures restrictions on women s employment and entrepreneurship as well as incentives for women s employment in 143 economies. Women, business, and the law and the World Bank's global financial inclusion global findings database show that in economies with a default full community of property regime, there are on average 10 percentage points more female owned accounts at formal financial institutions than in economies with a default separation of property regime. This report has shown that although much progress has been made in recent decades in gradually dismantling many of the legal restrictions which have hampered women from more fully contributing to national prosperity, there is a large unfinished agenda of reform. Gender equality is important not only for fairness and equity, but also for economic efficiency and is at the center of creating a more prosperous world.Ce rapport examine les lois et la réglementation qui influent sur les perspectives des femmes en tant qu’entrepreneurs et employées. Les indicateurs quantitatifs du rapport sont destinés à éclairer le débat sur l’élimination des restrictions légales relatives aux femmes et promouvoir la recherche sur l’amélioration de la participation des femmes à la vie économique. Ces cinquante dernières années, le statut juridique des femmes a progressé partout dans le monde. De nombreuses lois les empêchent néanmoins de participer pleinement à la vie économique — que ce soit dans le cadre d’un emploi ou de la création d’entreprises. Des règles discriminatoires leur interdisent certains emplois, limitent l’accès aux capitaux des entreprises dont elles sont propriétaires et limitent leur aptitude à prendre des décisions d’ordre juridique. Les différences juridiques entre hommes et femmes pénalisent les pays en développement et les pays développés, et les femmes dans toutes les régions. Si plus de la moitié des restrictions en vigueur en 1960 dans les deux domaines de l’accès aux institutions et la jouissance de la propriété avaient été levées en 2010, de nombreuses restrictions persistent toutefois, et il existe notamment dans près de 90 % des 143 pays couverts par ce rapport au moins une différence juridique entre hommes et femmes qui limite les perspectives économiques des femmes.en-USCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGOACCESS TO JUSTICEADOLESCENT GIRLSAGRICULTUREAUTONOMYCAREER ADVANCEMENTCITIESCIVIL CODESCONSTITUTIONAL COURTCONSTITUTIONAL COURTSCOURTCRIMINALCRIMINAL LAWCUSTOMARY LAWDISCRIMINATIONDISMISSALDIVORCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMICILEECONOMICSEQUAL REMUNERATIONEQUAL RIGHTSEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITYEQUIPMENTFAMILIESFAMILY LAWFAMILY PROPERTYFAMILY PROTECTIONFAMILY PROTECTION LAWFATHERSFEMALEFEMALE EMPLOYEESFEMALE EMPLOYMENTFEMALE ENTREPRENEURSFEMALE LABORFEMALE LABOR FORCEFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONFEMALE POPULATIONGENDERGENDER EQUALITYGENDER IMBALANCESGENDER NEUTRALGENDER PARITYGENDER QUOTASHARASSMENTHEADS OF HOUSEHOLDHEADS OF HOUSEHOLDSHOMEHUSBANDHUSBANDSIDENTITYINCOMESINEQUALITYINFORMAL SECTORINHERITANCEINHERITANCE RIGHTSINHERITANCESINSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMSJUDGEJUDGESJUSTICESLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR LAWLABOR MARKETLAND OWNERSHIPLAWSLEGAL CHANGESLEGAL REFORMLEGAL STATUSLEGISLATIONMARITAL PROPERTYMARITAL STATUSMARRIED COUPLEMARRIED MENMARRIED WOMANMATERNITY LEAVEMATERNITY LEAVESMORAL CONDUCTMOTHERMOTHERSNORMSPARTICIPATION BY WOMENPHYSICAL INTEGRITYPOWERPREGNANT WOMENPROPERTY RIGHTSPROPORTION OF WOMENREMUNERATION FOR WOMENREPRESENTATION OF WOMENREPRODUCTIVE CAPACITYRESIDENCESOCIETYUNMARRIED WOMENVILLAGESWIFEWILLWIVESWOMEN IN LEADERSHIPWOMEN IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONSWOMEN JUDGES10.1596/9-781-4729-0643-4