World Bank2014-01-282014-01-282013-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16638Civil society in Yemen is vibrant and diverse but highly fragmented. It includes independent registered and organized civic groups, less organized local self-help organizations, and charity oriented groups. The first period, from 1950 to 1963, saw a growth in associational activity in the modern enclave of late colonial Aden and within the protectorates of the northern imamate amidst heavy immigration and modernization. A second stage of development took place in the late 1970s and 1980s with very little central control but exceptional affluence thanks to remittances from citizens employed in the Gulf. As the political transition in Yemen continues, there is renewed interest in engaging local Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in the process of service delivery, decentralization, institution building and in encouraging inclusion and greater citizen participation. The Government has requested that the World Bank update its earlier work on CSOs in Yemen to map and to assess the capacities of present-day, development-oriented CSOs in five governorates. Nearly all of the CSOs that participated in this study were formally registered, non-governmental organizations that were generally independent of tribal or religious affiliation. There is an important opening in Yemen at present to encourage greater social accountability among CSOs and through CSO-Government partnerships. Social accountability includes a growing emphasis on beneficiary engagement in monitoring and assessing government performance as well as service providers, particularly in providing feedback on, and voicing demand for, improved service delivery. Based on this study's findings, it is recommended that the Government reform CSOs-related procedures, including registration, re-licensing, and decentralize avenues for CSO-ministry collaboration on service delivery and standards development to the governorate-level branches of the respective Ministries. Finally, it is recommended that training be made available for Yemeni journalists that cover the work of the country's civic sector or development issues in general.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTABILITY MEASURESACCREDITATIONACCREDITATION STANDARDSADVOCACYANTI-CORRUPTIONBANKSBENEFICIARIESBEST PRACTICESBUDGET TRANSPARENCYBUSINESS COMMUNITYBUSINESS MANAGEMENTBUSINESSMENCAPACITY BUILDINGCBOCHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONSCITIZENCITIZEN ENGAGEMENTCITIZEN FEEDBACKCITIZEN PARTICIPATIONCITIZEN VOICECITIZENSCIVIC ACTIVISMCIVIC CULTURECIVIC ENGAGEMENTCIVIC GROUPSCIVIC LEADERSCIVIC ORGANIZATIONSCIVIC PARTICIPATIONCIVIL RIGHTSCIVIL SOCIETIESCIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL SOCIETY GROUPSCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCIVIL SOCIETY WORKCODE OF ETHICSCOLLABORATIONCOMMUNITY CONSULTATIONCOMMUNITY GROUPSCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONCOMPLAINTCOMPLAINTSCONSENSUSCONSTITUENCIESCONSTITUENCYCONSTITUENTSCONSTRUCTIVE ENGAGEMENTCONSULTATIONCONSULTATIONSCONTRIBUTIONSCRISESDATA COLLECTIONDEMOCRACYDEMOCRATIC VALUESDEMOCRATIZATIONDEVELOPMENT ACTORSDEVELOPMENT AGENDADEVELOPMENT AGENDASDEVELOPMENT COMMUNITYDEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTEMPOWERMENTEMPOWERMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETYENABLING ENVIRONMENTETHICSFIGURESFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFOCUS GROUPFOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONSFOCUS GROUPSFOOD SECURITYFREEDOM OF INFORMATIONFREEDOM OF SPEECHGOOD GOVERNANCEGOVERNANCE INDICATORSGOVERNANCE PROCESSESGOVERNANCE PROGRAMGOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITYGOVERNMENT COLLABORATIONGOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONSGOVERNMENT OFFICIALSGOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIPSGOVERNMENT SERVICESGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSHUMAN RESOURCEHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RIGHTSINDIGENOUS PEOPLESINFORMAL GROUPSINFORMAL ORGANIZATIONSINFORMATION SHARINGINGOINGOSINITIATIVEINSTITUTION BUILDINGINTEGRITYINTEREST GROUPSINTERMEDIARIESINTERMEDIARYINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITYINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTINTERNATIONAL DONORSINTERNATIONAL NGOSINTERVIEWSJOURNALISTSKNOWLEDGE SHARINGLAWSLEADERSHIPLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEGISLATIONLINE MINISTRIESLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOCAL CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL DEVELOPMENTLOCAL GOVERNANCELOCAL GOVERNMENTSMEDIAMOBILIZATIONNATIONAL DIALOGUENATIONAL GOVERNMENTSNATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSNATURAL RESOURCESNGONONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITIESORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENTOUTREACHPARLIAMENTARIANSPARTICIPATION OF COMMUNITIESPARTICIPATORY NEEDSPARTNERSHIP INITIATIVEPATRONAGEPOLICY FORMULATIONPOLICY MAKINGPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOLITICAL INTERESTSPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENTPROCUREMENTPROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONSPUBLIC AWARENESSPUBLIC FINANCESPUBLIC GOODPUBLIC LIFEPUBLIC PROCUREMENTPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERYRECONSTRUCTIONREPRESENTATIVESRULES OF CONDUCTSELF-HELPSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVIDERSSOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITYSOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMSSOCIAL CHANGESOCIAL COHESIONSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENTSOCIAL GROUPSSOCIAL RESPONSIBILITYSOCIAL SERVICESOCIAL SERVICE DELIVERYSOCIAL STUDIESSOCIAL WELFARESTAKEHOLDERSTAKEHOLDER ANALYSISSTAKEHOLDERSTAX INCENTIVESTHIRD SECTORTRADE UNIONSTRAINING PROGRAMSTRANSPARENCYTRANSPARENT PROCESSVOLUNTEERISMWORKING GROUPSYOUTHWorld Bank10.1596/16638