Adeyi, OlusojiSmith, OwenRobles, Sylvia2012-05-312012-05-312007978-0-8213-7044-5https://hdl.handle.net/10986/6761Since the early 1990s, the importance of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) to global health has gained increased recognition. This report contains an agenda for action in response to the growing economic, social, and health problems posed by NCDs. Its objective is to enable the World Bank and its clients to examine and, where appropriate, strategically shift their approaches to public policy as a tool to prevent and control NCDs. The report highlights two broad themes. First, public policies need to prevent NCDs to the greatest extent possible and, in doing so, promote healthy aging and avoid premature deaths. Second, at the same time, public policies need to recognize that the burden of NCDs will increase because of population aging, and therefore public policy has a role to play in dealing with the pressures that this will impose on health services. Thus the report has a dual purview: how to avoid the burden of NCDs as much as possible and how to prepare for the consequences of more NCDs associated with demographic change.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACUTE ILLNESSESADDICTIONADULT MORTALITYAGE GROUPSAGEDAGINGAGING POPULATIONSAIR POLLUTIONALCOHOL ABUSEASTHMABASIS FOR ACTIONBEHAVIOR CHANGEBLUEPRINTBREAST CANCERBURDEN OF DISEASECANCERSCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORSCAUSES OF DEATHCERVICAL CANCERCERVICAL CANCER SCREENINGCHILDBIRTHCHOLESTEROLCHRONIC DISEASECHRONIC DISEASESCHRONIC ILLNESSCHRONIC ILLNESSESCLINICSCOHORT STUDIESCOMMUNICABLE DISEASECOMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROLCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCORONARY HEART DISEASEDEATH RATESDECISION MAKINGDEMOCRACYDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGEDEMOGRAPHIC TRENDSDETERMINANTS OF GROWTHDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDIABETESDIAGNOSISDIETDIGESTIVE DISEASESDISABILITIESDISABILITYDISEASE BURDENDISEASE CONTROLDISEASE PREVENTIONDISSEMINATIONDOCTORSDRUGSECONOMIC GROWTHEMPLOYMENTENVIRONMENTAL HEALTHEPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCEEPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITIONEQUILIBRIUMEQUITY GOALSEXTERNALITIESEXTERNALITYFAMILIESFINANCIAL RISKFINANCING HEALTH CAREFORECASTSGLOBAL HEALTHGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS NATIONAL INCOMEHAZARDHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE COSTSHEALTH CARE DEMANDHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CARE SYSTEMSHEALTH CONSEQUENCESHEALTH COSTSHEALTH EFFECTSHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FINANCINGHEALTH IMPACTHEALTH IMPACTSHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICYHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH RISKSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SECTOR REFORMHEALTH SERVICEHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SPECIALISTHEALTH SPENDINGHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEMSHEART ATTACKHEART DISEASEHIGH BLOOD PRESSUREHOLISTIC APPROACHHOSPITALHOSPITAL CAREHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD LEVELHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHYGIENEHYPERTENSIONILL HEALTHILLNESSILLNESSESIMPORTANT POLICYINCOME INEQUALITYINDOOR AIR POLLUTIONINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFORMATION CAMPAIGNSINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINJURIESINPATIENT CAREINSURANCEINTEGRATIONINTERVENTIONISOLATIONKNOWLEDGE BASELABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLACK OF AWARENESSLACK OF INFORMATIONLACK OF KNOWLEDGELARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLELEADING CAUSE OF DEATHLEGAL STATUSLIFE EXPECTANCYLIFE SPANSLIFESTYLESLITERACY RATESLONGER LIFELONGER LIVESLONGEVITYLOW-INCOME COUNTRIESLOWER FERTILITYMALIGNANT NEOPLASMSMAMMOGRAMSMARKETINGMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL SERVICESMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIESMORBIDITYMORBIDITY AND MORTALITYMORBIDITY REDUCTIONMORTALITYMORTALITY RATEMORTALITY REDUCTIONMORTALITY REDUCTIONSNCDNONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESNUMBER OF DEATHSNUTRITIONOBESITYOLD AGEOLD-AGEOLDER PEOPLEPATIENTPATIENTSPHARMACEUTICALSPHYSICAL ACTIVITYPOISONINGPOLICY DECISIONSPOLICY DIALOGUEPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY RESPONSEPOLLUTIONPOOR HEALTHPOOR PEOPLEPOORER POPULATIONSPOPULATION STRUCTUREPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGYPREMATURE DEATHPREVALENCEPREVENTIVE MEDICINEPRIMARY CAREPRIVATE SPENDINGPROBABILITYPROGRESSPROVISION OF INFORMATIONPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH CAREPUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONSPUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMSPUBLIC INFORMATIONPUBLIC POLICIESPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SPENDINGQUALITY ASSURANCERESPECTRISING DEMANDRISK FACTORRISK FACTORSRISKY BEHAVIORSCHOOL EXPENDITURESSCHOOL LEVELSSCREENINGSERVICE DELIVERYSICK FAMILY MEMBERSSMOKERSSMOKINGSOCIAL SUPPORTSOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCESSOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIESSOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSODIUMSURGERYTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETEENAGERSTERTIARY LEVELTRANSPORTATIONTREATMENTTREATMENT SERVICESTREATYTROPICAL MEDICINEURBANIZATIONVIOLENCEWORKFORCEWORKING-AGE POPULATIONSWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7044-5