World Bank2014-09-152014-09-152013-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/20129This study has been undertaken to provide input to the Government of Kazakhstan on mineral exploration policy. The purpose is to offer advice for policy reform in the mineral sector. It examines best practices in licencing and regulation for mineral exploration. It will review common best practices which pertain to mineral exploration on a world-wide basis. It will also provide examples of countries which have instituted best practices in their legislation and how that has assisted in attracting foreign investment in the sector. Countries which will be studied are Australia (Western Australia), Chile, Sweden, Ghana and the Philippines. Other countries are discussed to provide a necessary example of the need for transparency, consistency and fairness. These are Argentina and Mongolia. Information on each of these countries is different depending upon the transparency of information that is available. This study has attempted to show how these countries have dealt with international investment through policy and legislative initiatives.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOAIRBORNE GEOPHYSICSARBITRATIONARBITRATION LAWSAUCTIONAUCTION SYSTEMAUCTIONSAUDITSAUTOMATIONBANK DEPOSITBANK GUARANTEEBASICBEST PRACTICESBIDBONDBUSINESS CYCLECADASTRECAPITAL GAINSCAPITAL REQUIREMENTSCAPITAL STOCKCASH FLOWSCOALCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGCONCESSION HOLDERCONSUMER PRICE INDEXCOPPERCOPPER MINESCORPORATE GOVERNANCECORPORATE TAX RATECREDIT RATINGDATA MANAGEMENTDISPUTE RESOLUTIONDIVIDENDSDOUBLE TAXDRILLINGECONOMIC VALUEECONOMICSENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTSENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTSENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE CERTIFICATEENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCEENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATEENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONEXCHANGE RATESEXCISE TAXEXCLUSIVE RIGHTEXPENDITUREEXPENDITURESEXPLOITATIONEXPLORATION ACTIVITIESEXPLORATION ACTIVITYEXPLORATION CONCESSIONEXPLORATION CONCESSIONSEXPLORATION COSTSEXPLORATION EFFORTSEXPLORATION FUNDSEXPLORATION LICENCEEXPLORATION PERIODEXPLORATION PERMITEXPROPRIATIONFINANCIAL RESOURCESFISHFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTORFOREIGN INVESTORSFOREIGN MININGFORESTRYFRAUDGASGEOCHEMICAL SURVEYSGEOLOGICAL DATAGEOLOGICAL INFORMATIONGEOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGEGEOLOGICAL MAPPINGGEOLOGICAL MAPSGEOLOGICAL SURVEYGEOLOGICAL SURVEYSGEOLOGYGOLDGOLD DEPOSITSGOLD PRODUCTIONGOVERNMENT POLICYGOVERNMENT REVENUESHEALTH AND SAFETYHOLDINGHUMAN RESOURCESINCOME TAXINDEPENDENT JUDICIARYINDIGENOUS COMMUNITIESINDUSTRIAL MINERALSINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSURANCEINTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTINTERNATIONAL INVESTORSINTERNATIONAL TRADEIRONIRON ORELEASE HOLDERLEGAL OBLIGATIONSLEGAL SYSTEMSLEVYLITHIUMLOCAL GOVERNMENTMANGANESEMARKET CONDITIONSMARKET VALUEMETALLIC MINESMETALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGYMETALSMINE WASTESMINERAL AGREEMENTMINERAL AGREEMENTSMINERAL DEPOSITMINERAL DEPOSITSMINERAL ECONOMICSMINERAL EXPLORATIONMINERAL EXPORTSMINERAL INDUSTRYMINERAL INVESTMENTMINERAL LEGISLATIONMINERAL POTENTIALMINERAL PRODUCTIONMINERAL PRODUCTION SHARING AGREEMENTMINERAL PRODUCTSMINERAL RESERVATIONSMINERAL RESERVESMINERAL RESOURCEMINERAL RESOURCESMINERAL RIGHTSMINERAL SECTORMINERALSMINERALS EXPLORATIONMINERALS INDUSTRYMINERALS SECTORMINESMINING ACTIVITIESMINING AREAMINING AREASMINING COMPANIESMINING COMPANYMINING CONCESSIONSMINING CONTRACTORSMINING COUNTRIESMINING DEVELOPMENTMINING EQUIPMENTMINING INDUSTRYMINING INVESTMENTMINING LAWMINING LEASESMINING LEGISLATIONMINING LICENCEMINING OPERATIONMINING OPERATIONSMINING POLICYMINING PROJECTMINING PROJECT FEASIBILITYMINING REGIONSMINING RIGHTSMINING SECTORMINING SECTOR POLICYMINING TAX RATEMINING TECHNOLOGYMINING TITLEMINING TITLESMOLYBDENUMMONITORING EQUIPMENTMORTGAGENATIONAL MININGNATURAL RESOURCESNET WORTHNEW TECHNOLOGIESNEW TECHNOLOGYNICKELOILORESPAYMENT OBLIGATIONSPOLICY ENVIRONMENTPOLITICAL RISKPOLITICAL UNCERTAINTYPOLLUTIONPRESENT VALUEPRIVATE INVESTORSPRODUCERSPROPERTY RIGHTPROPERTY RIGHTSPROSPECTINGPUBLIC HEARINGSPUBLIC LANDPUBLIC LANDSREAL PROPERTYREGISTRY SYSTEMREGULATORY FRAMEWORKREGULATORY PRACTICESREGULATORY SYSTEMREMITTANCESRESERVERESERVED AREASRESOURCES INDUSTRYRETURNRETURN ON INVESTMENTRETURNSREVENUE SHARINGRULE OF LAWSAFETY AND HEALTHSAFETY REGULATIONSSETTLEMENTSILVERSMALL SCALESTOCK MARKETSSTRATEGIC METALSSUSTAINABILITYTAILINGSTAX RATESTAX REGIMETECHNICAL ASPECTSTIMBERTRANSACTIONTRANSACTION COSTTRANSPARENCYTREATIESUSABILITYVIBRANT MINING INDUSTRYWITHDRAWALWITHHOLDING TAXESZINC10.1596/20129