Masters, William A.Anderson, Kym2012-03-192012-03-192009978-0-8213-7652-2https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2607One of every two people in Sub-Saharan Africa survives on less than $1.25 a day. That proportion has changed little over the past three decades, unlike in Asia and elsewhere, so the region's share of global poverty has risen from one-tenth to almost one-third since 1980. About 70 percent of today's 400 million poor Africans live in rural areas and depend directly or indirectly on farming for their livelihoods. While that rural share was even higher in the past, it means policies affecting the incentives for farmers to produce and sell farm products remain a major influence on the extent of Africa's poverty. The case studies help address questions such as the following: where is there still a policy bias against agricultural production? To what extent are some farmers now being protected from import competition? What are the political economic forces behind the more-successful reformers, and how do they compare with those in less-successful countries where major distortions in agricultural incentives remain? How important have domestic political forces been in bringing about reform, as compared with international forces? What explains the cross commodity pattern of distortions within the agricultural sector of each country? What policy lessons and trade implications can be drawn from these differing experiences with a view to ensuring better growth-enhancing and poverty-reducing outcomes in the study's focus countries and in the region's other economies?CC BY 3.0 IGOAFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANKAFRICAN FARMERSAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENTAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSAGRICULTURAL EXPORTAGRICULTURAL EXPORTSAGRICULTURAL GROWTHAGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIESAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTURAL MARKETSAGRICULTURAL OUTPUTAGRICULTURAL POLICIESAGRICULTURAL POLICYAGRICULTURAL POLICY ISSUESAGRICULTURAL PRICEAGRICULTURAL PRICESAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTSAGRICULTURAL RESEARCHAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTERAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTERSAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONAGRICULTURAL TRADEAGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONANIMAL DISEASEBALANCE SHEETBEANBEEFBIOTECHNOLOGYBORDER PRICESCACASH CROPSCASSAVACENTRAL PLANNINGCOCOACOFFEECOMMODITIESCOMMODITYCOMMODITY PRICESCOMMON MARKETCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVENESSCONSUMER ECONOMICSCONSUMER FOOD SUBSIDIESCONSUMERSCOPYRIGHT CLEARANCECOPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTERCOTTONCOUNTRY TO COUNTRYCROPCROPSDATESDEPOSITSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT RESEARCHDISEASE CONTROLDOLLAR VALUEDOLLAR VALUESDOMESTIC MARKETDOMESTIC MARKETSDOMESTIC PRICEDOMESTIC PRICESECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMICSECONOMICS RESEARCHEMERGING ECONOMIESEUROPEAN COMMISSIONEXCHANGE RATEEXCHANGE RATE REGIMESEXCHANGE RATESEXPORT SECTOREXPORTSEXTENSIONEXTREME POVERTYFAOFARM PRODUCTSFARMERSFARMINGFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFOOD AVAILABILITYFOOD CONSUMPTIONFOOD POLICYFOOD POLICY RESEARCHFOOD PRICESFOOD PRODUCERSFOOD PRODUCTSFOOD STAPLESFOOD SUPPLIESFOREIGN CURRENCYFOREIGN EXCHANGEGAGATTGDP PER CAPITAGLOBAL EXPORTSGLOBAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS VALUEGROUNDNUTGROWTH RATEHUNGERIMPERFECT COMPETITIONINSURANCEINTEGRATIONINTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE DRY AREASINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEINTERNATIONAL TRADELAND REFORMLIVELIHOODSLIVESTOCKLIVESTOCK PRODUCTSMAIZEMARKET PRICESMARKET STRUCTUREMEALMEATMILKMILLETMULTILATERAL TRADENASHNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHNET EXPORTSOILSEEDSOUTPUTSPALM OILPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOMESPLANTAINPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOLITICAL REGIMEPOULTRYPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY INCIDENCEPOWER PARITYPRICE DISTORTIONSPROCESSED FOODSPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPULSESPURCHASING POWERREAL GDPREGIONAL INTEGRATIONRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL INFRASTRUCTURESHEEPSHEEP MEATSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSORGHUMSOYBEANSTAPLE FOODSSTRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENTSTRUCTURAL CHANGESUGARSUGAR SORGHUMSUPERMARKETTAXTAXATIONTEATRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE NEGOTIATIONSTRADE POLICIESTRADE POLICYTRANSITION ECONOMIESUNITED NATIONSUNIVERSITY OF ILLINOISUNIVERSITY OF SUSSEXURBAN POVERTYVALUE ADDEDVANILLAWHEATWORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORSWORLD TRADEWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWTOYAMWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7652-2