World Bank2013-11-142013-11-142013-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16264The main objective of this report is to provide the new Government of Ghana with recommendations on the actions needed to improve the performance of Ghana's energy sector. The report focuses on the power and petroleum sectors, taking account of the interdependence between the sectors, and providing recommendations for how they can, together, drive future economic growth. This report aims to highlight the centrality of fixing the problems in the power sector as a path to ensuring that Ghana's economic growth ambitions are not stymied by a lack of electricity. The problems and their solutions are well known; what has been lacking is decisive and timely decision making to break the tendency to adopt reactive measures that often come too late when proactive measures will have led to better outcomes. Demand for gas in the power sector is set to expand rapidly, as new thermal generation capacity is built to meet rapidly growing power demand. However, to ensure successful development of its gas sector, Ghana will need to address a number of important challenges. The paper is organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction; chapter two deals with electricity demand and supply; chapter three deals with resolving generation and transmission bottlenecks; chapter four gives reforms urgently needed in power distribution; chapter five focuses on natural gas sector; and chapter six focuses on upstream oil and gas sector.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYAIRALTERNATIVE FUELALTERNATIVE FUELSALUMINUMAPPROACHASSOCIATED GASAVAILABILITYBALANCEBARRELBARRELS PER DAYBIOMASSCALCULATIONCAPACITY FACTORCAPACITY SHORTAGESCARBONCARBON DIOXIDECLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECOALCOMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPSCONDITIONERSCONVENTIONAL GENERATIONCOST OF GASCRUDE OILCRUDE OIL PURCHASESCYCLE GENERATIONDEMAND FOR ELECTRICITYDEMAND FOR GASDEMAND FORECASTDIESELDIESEL GENERATORSDISTRIBUTION COMPANIESDISTRIBUTION COMPANYDISTRIBUTION LOSSESDOMESTIC GASEFFICIENT USEELECTRICITYELECTRICITY BILLSELECTRICITY COMPANYELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY DEMANDELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTIONELECTRICITY PRICINGELECTRICITY SECTORELECTRICITY SUPPLYELECTRICITY USEEMISSIONSENERGY DEMANDENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURESENERGY POLICYENERGY PRODUCTIONENERGY PRODUCTION COSTSENERGY SHORTAGESENERGY SUPPLYEXPLORATION PERIODEXPLORATION WELLSFISCAL INCENTIVESFISCAL STABILITYFUELFUEL COSTSFUEL FOR POWER GENERATIONFUEL PRICESFUELSGAS AVAILABILITYGAS COMPANYGAS DEVELOPMENTGAS ENTERPRISEGAS FROM PRODUCERSGAS INFRASTRUCTUREGAS MARKETGAS PIPELINEGAS PRICESGAS PRICINGGAS PRICING POLICYGAS PRODUCERSGAS PRODUCTIONGAS PRODUCTION FORECASTGAS PROJECTSGAS RESOURCESGAS SALESGAS SECTORGAS SECTORSGAS SUPPLIERSGAS SUPPLIESGAS SUPPLYGAS TRANSMISSIONGAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMGAS TRANSPORTATIONGAS TURBINEGAS TURBINESGENERATIONGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATION OF ELECTRICITYGENERATION UNITSGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGEGRID CONNECTIONSGRID ELECTRICITYGRID POWERGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHEATHEAVY FUEL OILHYDRO POWERHYDRO RESOURCESHYDROELECTRIC PLANTHYDROPOWERHYDROPOWER PLANTINCOMEINCOME TAXINVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIESIRRADIATIONKILOWATT-HOURLICENSEELIQUEFIED NATURAL GASLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASLIQUID FUELLIQUID FUELSLNGLNG TERMINALLOAD SHEDDINGMILLION CUBIC FEET PER DAYNATIONAL GASNATIONAL OILNATIONAL OIL COMPANIESNATURAL GASNATURAL GAS DEMANDNATURAL GAS SECTOROFFSHORE PETROLEUMOILOIL AND GASOIL AND GAS SECTOROIL COMPANIESOIL COMPANYOIL INDUSTRYOIL PRICEOIL PRODUCTIONOIL REFINERYOIL REVENUESOIL SECTOROIL SUPPLYPEAK CAPACITYPEAK DEMANDPETROCHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKPETROCHEMICAL PROJECTSPETROCHEMICALSPETROLEUMPETROLEUM COMPANYPETROLEUM GASPETROLEUM REVENUE MANAGEMENTPETROLEUM REVENUESPETROLEUM TAXATIONPIPELINEPIPELINE FACILITIESPIPELINE INFRASTRUCTUREPIPELINE SYSTEMPOWERPOWER CRISISPOWER DEMANDPOWER DISTRIBUTIONPOWER GENERATION CAPACITYPOWER GENERATORSPOWER PLANTPOWER PLANTSPOWER PRODUCERPOWER PRODUCERSPOWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTSPOWER SECTORPOWER SHORTAGESPOWER STATIONPOWER STATIONSPOWER SUPPLYPOWER SYSTEMPOWER UTILITIESPRICE OF ELECTRICITYPRICE OF GASPRIMARY FUELPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE INVESTORSPRIVATE SECTORPUBLIC UTILITIESREDUCING ENERGY USERELIABILITY OF SUPPLYREMEDIAL ACTIONSRENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCESRENEWABLE SOURCESRESERVOIRRESERVOIRSRESIDENTIAL CONSUMERSROYALTYRURAL ELECTRIFICATIONSELL GASSOLAR PANELSSOLAR POWERSOLAR POWER PLANTSSOLAR PROJECTSSOLAR RESOURCESOLAR SYSTEMSSTREAMSUNSHINESUPPLY COSTSSUPPLY OF ELECTRICITYTARIFF STRUCTURETHERMAL PLANTSTHERMAL POWERTHERMAL POWER GENERATIONTHERMAL POWER PLANTSTRANSMISSION COMPANYTRANSMISSION SERVICESTRANSMISSION SYSTEMUTILITY INDUSTRYVOLTAGEWINDWIND FARMWIND GENERATIONWIND PLANTSWIND POWERWIND PROJECTSWIND RESOURCEWIND RESOURCESWIND SPEEDWorld Bank10.1596/16264