Molemaker, Roelof-JanWiderberg, OscarKok, Robert2017-05-242017-05-242012https://hdl.handle.net/10986/26737The paper aims to provide the basis for an estimation equation and will focus on the relation between transport emissions and air quality in an urban environment. This is directly related to the fact that most health impacts are related to local air quality levels. The aim of the paper is to create an understanding of the factors that play a role in the causal relation between transport emissions and health effects and provides approximations from existing studies that can be used to assess these health impacts and related costs. The paper focuses on the translation of air pollution levels into health impacts and health costs. The overall structure of the paper follows the two key steps and elaborates on the inherent challenges: (1) identify and measure the health effects of air pollution, and (2) to estimate the costs of the health effects. The paper is divided into four chapters: chapter one is introduction- outlining the goals and background to the project; chapter two gives impacts of air pollution from transport on health; chapter three presents valuation of health impacts- reviews the literature on how to value the impacts on health associated with air pollution; and chapter four gives guidelines for calculating the health effects of air pollution from traffic.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACID RAINACUTE EXPOSUREADOLESCENTSAEROSOLSAGE DISTRIBUTIONAGE GROUPAIRAIR POLLUTANTAIR POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONSAIR POLLUTANTSAIR POLLUTIONAIR POLLUTION CONTROLAIR POLLUTION EXPOSUREAIR POLLUTION LEVELSAIR QUALITY GUIDELINESAMBIENT AIRAMBIENT AIR POLLUTIONAMBIENT POLLUTIONANXIETYARTERYBORDER CROSSINGBREAST CANCERBUSCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESCARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTSCAUSE OF DEATHCHANGE IN POPULATIONCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONCHILD CARECHILDBIRTHCHILDHOOD CANCERCHRONIC BRONCHITISCHRONIC CONDITIONSCHRONIC EXPOSURECLEAN AIRCOHORT STUDIESCOMBUSTIONCONCENTRATION LEVELSCONCENTRATION RESPONSECOST-BENEFIT ANALYSISCOUNTRY OF ORIGINCUMULATIVE EFFECTDAILY MORTALITYDANGEROUS POLLUTANTSDEATHSDEFORESTATIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDIESELDIESEL EXHAUSTDISABILITYDISSEMINATIONDOSE RESPONSEDOSE-RESPONSEECONOMIC GROWTHEFFECTS OF POLLUTIONELASTICITIESELASTICITYELDERLYEMISSIONEMISSION FACTORSEMISSION REDUCTIONEMISSIONS LEVELSEMISSIONS REDUCTIONSENDPOINTSENVIRONMENTAL HEALTHENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCYENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCHENVIRONMENTAL RISKSEPIDEMIOLOGYETHICAL CONSIDERATIONSEXERCISESEXTERNALITIESEXTREMELY HIGH POLLUTIONFAMILY PLANNINGFERTILITYFOSSIL FUELSFUELSGASOLINEGENERAL HEALTH SYSTEMGREEN LINEGROSS NATIONAL INCOMEGROUND LEVEL OZONEHEALTH CAREHEALTH EFFECTSHEALTH IMPACTHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH RISKSHEALTH SERVICESHEAVY TRAFFICHIGH CONCENTRATIONSHIGHWAYHOSPITALHOSPITAL ADMISSIONSHOSPITALIZATIONHUMAN BODYHUMAN HEALTHHUMAN REPRODUCTIONIMPACT ON HEALTHINDOOR AIRINDOOR AIR POLLUTIONINFANTINFANT DEATHINTERVENTIONJOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGYJOURNAL OF MEDICINELEGAL STATUSLEISURE ACTIVITIESLEISURE TIMELEUKEMIALIFE EXPECTANCYLIFE-YEARSLIQUID PARTICLESLOCAL AIR QUALITYLOW BIRTH WEIGHTLUNG FUNCTIONMEDICAL CAREMETAANALYSISMORBIDITYMORTALITYMORTALITY RATEMORTALITY RISKNEGATIVE IMPACTNITROGEN OXIDESNUMBER OF NEW CASESNUMBER OF PEOPLENUTRITIONOBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASEOUTDOOR AIR POLLUTIONOZONEPARTICULATE AIR POLLUTIONPARTICULATE MATTERPATIENTPATIENTSPEDIATRICSPLACE OF RESIDENCEPOLICY ANALYSISPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONSPOLLUTIONPOLLUTION CONCENTRATIONSPOLLUTION CONTROLPOLLUTION EXPOSUREPOLLUTION PREVENTIONPOPULATION CENSUSPOPULATION DENSITYPRACTITIONERSPREGNANCYPREMATURE MORTALITYPUBLIC HEALTHPURCHASING POWERPURCHASING POWER PARITYQUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY OF LIFERED LINERESOURCE CONSTRAINTSRESPECTRESPIRATORY DISEASERESPIRATORY DISEASESRESPIRATORY HEALTHRESPIRATORY ILLNESSRISK FACTORSRISK OF ILLNESSROADROAD TRAFFICROAD TRANSPORTROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONSROADSRURAL AREASSANITATIONSMOGSOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSOLVENTSSTREETSSULFURIC ACIDTOLLTOXICOLOGYTOXINSTRAFFICTRAFFIC DENSITYTRANSPORTTRANSPORT COSTINGTRANSPORT EFFICIENCYTRANSPORT EMISSIONSTRANSPORT POLICIESTRANSPORT POLICYTRANSPORT POLICY MEASURESTRANSPORT PROJECTSTRANSPORT RESEARCHTRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPORT SERVICETRANSPORTATIONURBAN AIRURBAN AIR POLLUTIONURBAN AIR QUALITYURBAN AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENTURBAN AREASURBAN ENVIRONMENTURBANIZATIONVEHICLEVEHICLE EMISSIONSVEHICLE FLEETVEHICLESVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDSWASTEWOMANWORKERSYOUNG CHILDRENWorking PaperWorld Bankhttps://doi.org/10.1596/26737