World Bank2024-05-282024-05-282024-05-28https://hdl.handle.net/10986/41606This technical background paper delves into the role and importance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) within Africa's digital economy, along with the potential risks they pose to competition and market dynamics. Drawing upon new data on selected SOEs, the analysis focuses on the presence of SOEs and the competitive landscape within digital infrastructure, mobile, wireless, international calling, and data markets. While the policy and regulatory framework have progressed towards fostering more open markets, various aspects remain on the policy agenda. Governments stand to benefit from reassessing the policy and regulatory frameworks governing SOE operations and determining the most effective means to establish and uphold a level playing field for all market participants, be they public or private entities.en-USCC BY-NC 3.0 IGOGOVERNANCE IN PUBLIC SECTORDIGITIZATIONDIGITAL ECONOMYSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISESDIGITAL INFRASTRUCTUREPEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONSSDG 16INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURESDG 9ReportWorld Bank10.1596/41606