Bacon, RobertKojima, Masami2012-08-132012-08-132006-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/11178Many developing countries subsidize petroleum products. The doubling of world oil prices since January 2004 has had very high fiscal costs for these countries, increasing public debt and squeezing other government spending. The subsidies have also had unintended results. But phasing out subsidies is politically challenging. This paper reviews some successful strategies for removing or reducing subsidies while protecting the poorest consumers.CC BY 3.0 IGOADVERSE CONSEQUENCEADVERSE CONSEQUENCESAGRICULTUREAPPROACHAUTOMOTIVE DIESELCONSUMERSCONTROLLED PRICESDIESELDOWNSTREAM OILELECTRICITYELECTRICITY GENERATIONFAIRFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFUELFUEL PRICEFUEL PRICE INCREASEFUEL PRICESFUEL SUBSIDIESFUELSGASOLINEINCOME GROUPSINEFFICIENCYINTERNATIONAL MARKETINTERNATIONAL OIL PRICESKEROSENEKILOWATT-HOURSLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASMARKET PRICESNATIONAL OILNET OILOILOIL COMPANYOIL EXPORTERSOIL IMPORTERSOIL PRICESOIL SECTORPETROLEUMPETROLEUM GASPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPETROLEUM SECTORPRICE CEILINGSPRICE CONTROLPRICE INCREASESPRICE LEVELSPRICE SUBSIDIESPRICING POLICIESPRIVATE SECTORPUBLIC RELATIONSPUBLIC TRANSPORTPUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLESPUBLICITYPURCHASINGREFINED PRODUCTSREFININGRETAILRETAIL PRICETAXTAX RATETAXATIONTRANSPORT COSTSWORLD OIL PRICESWorld Bank10.1596/11178