World Bank2014-07-182014-07-182008-11-20https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18910Many of Romania's basic health indicators have shown steady improvement since the 1970s. Both male and female life expectancy has gone up, and infant and maternal mortality have declined. Despite this progress, Romania still faces considerable challenges in improving the overall health status of its population. The overarching challenge for the next Romanian government is how to improve equity in access to better quality health care services in a financially sustainable manner. To achieve this goal, the government will need to consider not only overall funding levels, but also further changes to the composition of health sector funding, the distribution and organization of service delivery, accountability and decisions regarding who pays for what services, and incentive mechanisms to improve service quality. The likelihood of an economic slowdown and corresponding pressure on government budgets means that containing health care costs while simultaneously seeking ways to improve the equity, quality and efficiency of care will be paramount. The report ends with several policy options or recommendations.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABUSEACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESACUTE CAREACUTE CARE HOSPITALSAGEDAMBULATORY CAREANESTHESIABANDAGESBEDSBLOCK CONTRACTSBUDGET ALLOCATIONBUDGET CONSTRAINTSCANCERCAPITATIONCAPITATION SYSTEMCHRONIC DISEASESCLINICAL PATHWAYSCOMPETITION BETWEEN HOSPITALSDEMAND FOR HEALTHDIABETESDISABILITYDOCTORSDOCTORS IN CHARGEDRUG LISTDRUGSECONOMIC GROWTHEMERGENCIESEPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITIONEQUITY IN ACCESSEXISTING INEQUITIESEXPENDITURESFEE FOR SERVICEFEE-FOR-SERVICEFEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCYFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTSFINANCIAL IMPACTFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFIXED COSTSGENERIC DRUGSHEALTH ACTHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE COSTSHEALTH CARE DELIVERYHEALTH CARE PROVIDERSHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH FOR ALLHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INSURANCE FUNDHEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEMHEALTH INSURERSHEALTH LAWSHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PROFESSIONALSHEALTH PROFESSIONSHEALTH PROGRAMSHEALTH REFORMSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICEHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SPENDINGHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEM FINANCINGHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTHCAREHOSPITALHOSPITAL BEDSHOSPITAL CAREHOSPITAL SECTORHOSPITAL SERVICESHOSPITAL SPENDINGHOSPITALSHUMAN RESOURCESHYGIENEIMMIGRATIONINCOMEINCOME GROUPSINDUCED DEMANDINEQUITIESINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFORMAL PAYMENTSINPATIENT CAREINTEGRATIONINTERVENTIONLABOR MARKETLAWSLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEVEL OF HEALTH SPENDINGLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVE BIRTHSLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOCAL ECONOMYLOW INCOMEMALPRACTICEMANAGEMENT SYSTEMSMATERNAL MORTALITYMEDIA ATTENTIONMEDICAL EDUCATIONMEDICAL EQUIPMENTMEDICAL FACILITIESMEDICAL FACILITYMEDICAL PROFESSIONALSMEDICAL SUPPLIESMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORBIDITYMORTALITYNATIONAL HEALTHNATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCENATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE FUNDNATIONAL POLICIESNEONATAL MORTALITYNURSESNUTRITIONOUTPATIENT CAREPATIENTPATIENT RIGHTSPATIENTSPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIESPHARMACEUTICAL SECTORPHARMACEUTICAL SERVICESPHARMACIESPHARMACYPHYSICIANSPOCKET PAYMENTSPRACTITIONERSPRIMARY CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCEPRIVATE HEALTH INSURERSPRIVATE INSURERSPROGRESSPUBLIC AWARENESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCEPUBLIC SPENDINGQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY OF CAREQUALITY OF SERVICESRACIAL DISCRIMINATIONREGIONAL HOSPITALREIMBURSABLE DRUGREIMBURSABLE DRUGSRESPECTRURAL AREASSAFE WATERSANITATIONSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE QUALITYSUPPLY OF DOCTORSSURGERYTRANSPORTATIONTREATMENTSUNEMPLOYMENTURBAN AREASUSE OF RESOURCESVACCINATIONVACCINATIONSVULNERABLE GROUPSWASTEWORKFORCE10.1596/18910