Speakman, JohnAfzal, KiranYuge, YasuhikoHanna, James2014-04-172014-04-172012-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17887This policy paper aims to assist policy makers, as they develop the Pakistan Innovation Policy, with an independent assessment of where Pakistan stands now, an international perspective on policy priorities, a review of policy options and some implementation and institutional perspectives. The paper begins with a review of the key lessons of international experience together with a study of key international benchmarks. It takes a look at the ecosystem approach which maps the effectiveness of all the various players in innovation and also reviews progress against 12 triple helix critical success factors. The possible policy options are then enumerated and evaluated for relevance. Finally, some perspectives are provided on how to move the innovation agenda forward.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESSORIESADVERTISINGALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCYBANDWIDTHBASICBEHAVIORSBEST PRACTICEBIDDINGBIOTECHNOLOGYBITS PER SECONDBOUNDARIESBROADBANDBUSINESS ASSOCIATIONBUSINESS CLIMATEBUSINESS DEVELOPMENTBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICESBUSINESS ENABLINGBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTBUSINESS INDICATORSBUSINESS MODELBUSINESS MODELSBUSINESS PERFORMANCEBUSINESS PROCESSBUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCINGBUSINESS PROCESSESBUSINESS REGISTRATIONBUSINESS RELATIONSHIPSBUSINESS SERVICESBUSINESSESBUYERSCAPABILITIESCAPACITY BUILDINGCAPITAL INVESTMENTCHAOS THEORYCITIESCOLLABORATIONCOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMMODITIESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGYCOMPARATOR COUNTRIESCOMPETITIVENESSCOMPONENTSCOMPUTER SOFTWARECONNECTIVITYCONTROL SYSTEMCONTROL SYSTEMSCOORDINATION MECHANISMSCUSTOMER SATISFACTIONDATA ANALYSISDISCUSSIONSE-BUSINESSE-BUSINESS ADOPTIONECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC SECTORSECONOMICSEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESENABLING ENVIRONMENTENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENTENTERPRISE SURVEYEQUIPMENTEXISTING KNOWLEDGEEXPERIMENTATIONFAIR COMPETITIONFINANCIAL SERVICESFINANCIAL SUPPORTFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTGLOBAL COMPETITIVENESSGLOBAL KNOWLEDGEGOOD PRACTICEGOVERNMENT POLICIESGOVERNMENT-TO-BUSINESSGROWTH STRATEGYHIGH-SPEEDHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN RESOURCEICTIDEAIDEASIMAGEIMPLEMENTATION PLANIMPLEMENTATION PROCESSIMPLEMENTING AGENCIESINCOMEINDEXESINDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONINFORMATION SYSTEMINNOVATIONINNOVATION POLICYINNOVATION STRATEGYINNOVATIONSINNOVATIVE BUSINESSINNOVATIVE PRODUCTSINSIGHTSINSTITUTIONINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTIONINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSINVENTIONJOINT VENTUREJOINT VENTURESKNOWLEDGE BASEKNOWLEDGE PLATFORMSKNOWLEDGE SHARINGLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLEADINGLEGAL FRAMEWORKLICENSELIMITED ACCESSMANUFACTURINGMARKET FAILURESMARKETINGMEDIUM ENTERPRISEMEDIUM ENTERPRISESMENTORINGMETRICSMONOPOLIESNETWORKSNEW MARKETNEW MARKETSNEW TECHNOLOGIESNEW TECHNOLOGYOPEN ACCESSOUTPUTSOUTSOURCINGPPPSPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTPRIVATE SECTORSPROCUREMENTPRODUCT DEVELOPMENTPRODUCTION PROCESSESPRODUCTIVITYPURCHASING POWERQUALITY STANDARDSREAL TIMEREGISTERSREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTRESULTRESULTSRETAIL OUTLETSSECRETARIESSECURITIESSKILL BUILDINGSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL INCLUSIONSOFTWARE SERVICESSUPPLIERSTARGETSTECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIESTECHNOLOGY PARKTECHNOLOGY PARKSTECHNOLOGY TRANSFERTOP MANAGEMENTTRAINING PROGRAMSTRANSACTIONUSE OF INFORMATIONUSESVALUE CHAINVALUE CHAINSVISIONWEBWORKFORCE10.1596/17887