Bouton, LawrenceTiongson, Erwin R.2012-03-302012-03-302010Emerging Markets Review15660141https://hdl.handle.net/10986/5440Many cross-country enterprise surveys have recently become widely available. They are the basis of rankings of dimensions of the business environment in emerging markets and developing economies. Although the literature is concerned about "perception bias", there has been little effort at analyzing whether subjective appraisals of credit market constraints correspond to objectively measurable indicators. This note assesses a predominantly used subjective measure of "access to finance" and relates it to indicators of financial development and credit availability and costs. It finds a significant relationship between subjective and objective indexes of financing constraint but the relationship varies substantially across indicators.ENBanksOther Depository InstitutionsMicro Finance InstitutionsMortgages G210Financing PolicyFinancial Risk and Risk ManagementCapital and Ownership Structure G320Economic Development: Financial MarketsSaving and Capital InvestmentCorporate Finance and Governance O160Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Financial Economics P340Journal ArticleWorld Bank