Fall, MatarMarin, PhilippeLocussol, AlainVerspyck, Richard2014-03-112014-03-112009-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17258The Western and Central Africa has one of the longest experiences with public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the developing world, both for water supply and for combined power and water supply utilities. Cote d'Ivoire has a successful partnership dating from 1959, and over the last two decades as many as 15 countries (out of 23 in the region) have experimented with PPPs: eight for water supply operations alone and seven for combined power and water supply operations. This discussion paper documents the region's experience with PPPs for urban water supply in a comprehensive manner to help inform the current debate about the benefits brought by PPPs, in the context of helping Africa to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Eleven PPPs have been studied, and detailed performance indicators are reported for six large cases - Cote d'Ivoire, Senegal, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Gabon, with at least four years of private operation. Through its successes and failures, the Western and Central African experience offers interesting lessons that other developing countries could reflect upon as they strive to improve the quality of urban water supply services, increase the efficiency of operations, and establish the financial credibility of the sector.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATERACCESS TO SAFE WATERACCESS TO WATERAFFLUENTASSET OWNERSHIPAVERAGE WATER TARIFFBACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITYBASIC SANITATIONBILATERAL AGENCIESBILL COLLECTIONBOREHOLESCAPACITY BUILDINGCASH FLOWCASH FLOWSCASH-FLOWSCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCIVIL SOCIETYCOLLECTION OF BILLSCOLLECTION OF WATERCOLLECTION PERFORMANCECONCESSION CONTRACTSCONNECTION COSTCONNECTION FEECONNECTION PROGRAMCONNECTION RATECONSTRUCTIONCONTINUITY OF SERVICECOST OF WATERCOST RECOVERYCROSS-SUBSIDIESCUBIC METERDECISION MAKERSDEVELOPMENT OF WATER SUPPLYDISCHARGEDISTRIBUTION NETWORKSDISTRIBUTION SYSTEMSFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFINANCIAL VIABILITYFIXED CHARGESFIXED COSTSGROUND WATERHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONSHOUSEHOLDSINDIVIDUAL CONNECTIONSINTERNAL PLUMBINGINVESTMENT DECISIONSINVESTMENT PROGRAMLARGE CITIESLIFELINE TARIFFLITERS PER CAPITA PER DAYLOCAL PARTNERSLOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDSMAINTENANCE COSTSMETERINGMONITORING PROGRAMMUNICIPAL WATERMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLYNATIONAL UTILITIESNATIONAL WATERNATIONAL WATER SUPPLYNUMBER OF CONNECTIONSNUMBER OF WATERNUMBER OF WATER CONNECTIONSOPERATIONAL COSTSOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYOPERATIONAL PERFORMANCEOWNERSHIP OF WATERPAYMENT FOR WATERPERFORMANCE DATAPERFORMANCE INDICATORSPHYSICAL LOSSESPIPED WATERPOLLUTIONPOOR URBAN HOUSEHOLDSPOWER GENERATIONPRIVATE COMPANIESPRIVATE OPERATORPRIVATE OPERATORSPROGRAMSPROVIDING WATER SUPPLYPROVISION OF WATERPROVISION OF WATER SUPPLYPROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY SERVICESPUBLIC MANAGEMENTPUBLIC STANDPIPESPUBLIC UTILITIESPUBLIC UTILITYPUBLIC WATERPUBLIC WATER SUPPLYPUBLIC WATER UTILITIESPUBLIC WATER UTILITYQUALITY OF SERVICEQUALITY STANDARDSREDUCING WATER LOSSESREGULATORY AGENCYREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTRESIDENTIAL CONNECTIONSRESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERSRESPONSIBILITY FOR WATERRUN WATER UTILITYRURAL WATERRURAL WATER SUPPLYSALTWATER INTRUSIONSANITATION SECTORSANITATION SERVICESANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERSSANITATION UTILITYSERVICE AREASERVICE CONTINUITYSERVICE CONTRACTSSERVICE PROVIDERSERVICE PROVISIONSERVICE QUALITYSEWERAGESEWERAGE OPERATIONSSEWERAGE SYSTEMSEWERAGE SYSTEMSSMALL TOWNSSMALL-SCALE WATERSUSTAINABLE WATERSUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLYTARIFF ADJUSTMENTSTARIFF INCREASETARIFF LEVELTARIFF LEVELSTARIFF POLICYTARIFF REVENUESTARIFF STRUCTURETOWNSURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERSURBAN DWELLERSURBAN POPULATIONSURBAN RESIDENTSURBAN UTILITIESURBAN WATERURBAN WATER SERVICESURBAN WATER SUPPLYURBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMSURBAN WATER UTILITIESUSER CHARGESUSERSUTILITY REGULATORY COMMISSIONWASTEWATERWASTEWATER COLLECTIONWASTEWATER MANAGEMENTWASTEWATER SERVICESWATER BILLSWATER BUDGETSWATER COMPANIESWATER COMPANYWATER CONNECTIONWATER COVERAGEWATER DEPARTMENTWATER DISTRIBUTIONWATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKWATER INFRASTRUCTUREWATER LOSSESWATER POINTSWATER PRODUCTIONWATER RESOURCEWATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENTWATER RESOURCESWATER SALESWATER SAMPLESWATER SECTORWATER SERVICEWATER SOURCEWATER SOURCESWATER SUPPLYWATER SUPPLY ASSETSWATER SUPPLY SERVICEWATER SUPPLY SERVICESWATER SUPPLY UTILITYWATER TARIFFWATER TARIFFS10.1596/17258