World Bank2012-06-122012-06-122007-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7884This Education Sector Study (ESS) is the World Bank's response to the need for a comprehensive study of Turkey's education system, in light of the dramatic changes that are sure to alter the country's social and economic landscape over the next decade. The study was prepared in association with the Education Reform Initiative of the Istanbul Policy Center on the basis of research and dialogue with a wide array of education stakeholders and actors. The overall objective of the ESS is to provide an assessment of current challenges to the education system in Turkey and identify policy options that can complement the country's existing pre-tertiary education strategy. Volume one provides a complete description of challenges, conclusions, and policy options for the reform of pre-school, primary, and secondary education. It includes an Annex that summarizes the research studies and policy notes commissioned to inform the report. Volume II is a collection of the complete research studies and policy notes commissioned for the ESS report.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATIONACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATIONACCREDITATIONACHIEVEMENT LEVELACTIVE TEACHING METHODSASSESSMENT MECHANISMSBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUMBASIC EDUCATION PROGRAMBASIC EDUCATION SYSTEMBOARD OF EDUCATIONBOARDINGCALLCAREERCAREER LADDERCAREER PLANNINGCIVIL SERVICECIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCLASSROOMCLASSROOMSCOMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATIONCOMPULSORY EDUCATIONCOMPULSORY SCHOOLINGCORE COMPETENCIESCOUNSELORSCURRICULUMCURRICULUM CONTENTCURRICULUM GUIDESCURRICULUM REFORMDECISION MAKINGDISADVANTAGED GROUPSEARLY CHILDHOODEDUCATION COMMUNITYEDUCATION DECISIONSEDUCATION EXPENDITURESEDUCATION INDICATORSEDUCATION LAWEDUCATION OFFICIALSEDUCATION OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATION OUTCOMESEDUCATION POLICIESEDUCATION POLICYEDUCATION REFORMEDUCATION REFORMSEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION STATISTICSEDUCATION STRATEGYEDUCATION STUDENTSEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATION SYSTEMSEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTSEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL DISPARITIESEDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCEEDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTSEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMESEDUCATIONAL QUALITYEDUCATIONAL REFORMSEDUCATIONAL RESOURCESEDUCATIONAL SYSTEMEDUCATORSEMPLOYMENTENROLLMENT CAPACITYENROLLMENT RATESENROLLMENT RATES FOR GIRLSENTRANCE EXAMEQUAL OPPORTUNITYEXAMEXPENDITURESFACULTIESFRIENDLY SCHOOLSFUNDAMENTAL EDUCATIONFURTHER EDUCATIONGENDER DIFFERENCESGENDER GAPGENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATIONGEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONGLOBAL COMPETITIVENESSHIGH QUALITY EDUCATIONHIGH SCHOOLHIGH SCHOOLSHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESILLITERATE MOTHERSINSERVICE TRAININGINSTRUCTIONINSTRUCTORSINTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTLABOR FORCELABOR MARKET NEEDSLEARNERSLEARNINGLEARNING ACHIEVEMENTLEARNING OPPORTUNITIESLEARNING OUTCOMESLETLIFELONG LEARNINGLITERACYLOCAL SCHOOLSLOWER SECONDARY EDUCATIONMATHEMATICSMIDDLE EASTNATIONAL ASSESSMENTSNATIONAL CURRICULUMNATIONAL EDUCATIONNUMBER OF STUDENTSPAPERSPEDAGOGYPRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTPRIMARY SCHOOL LEVELSPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRINCIPALSPRIVATE SCHOOLSPRIVATE TUTORINGPROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENTPROFICIENCYPUBLIC EXPENDITUREQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY EDUCATIONQUALITY EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCESQUALITY LEARNINGQUALITY LEARNING OPPORTUNITIESQUALITY OF EDUCATIONQUALITY SCHOOLSQUALITY STANDARDSQUALITY TEACHINGREADINGRECRUITMENT OF TEACHERSREGULAR ATTENDANCERESEARCHERSRURAL AREASRURAL SCHOOLSSALARY INCREASESSCHOOL AUTONOMYSCHOOL CLIMATESCHOOL COVERAGESCHOOL DEVELOPMENTSCHOOL EDUCATIONSCHOOL ENROLLMENTSCHOOL GRADUATESSCHOOL IMPROVEMENTSCHOOL IMPROVEMENT PROJECTSSCHOOL LEVELSSCHOOL PLACESSCHOOL POPULATIONSCHOOL QUALITYSCHOOL STAFFSCHOOL STUDENTSSCHOOL SYSTEMSCHOOLSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUMSECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTSSECONDARY SCHOOLSSECONDARY STUDENTSSERVICE TRAININGSHARE OF EDUCATION SPENDINGSTUDENT ACHIEVEMENTSTUDENT ASSESSMENTSTUDENT LEARNINGSTUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTSTUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMESSTUDENT PERFORMANCETEACHERTEACHER DEVELOPMENTTEACHER EDUCATIONTEACHER PREPARATIONTEACHER QUALITYTEACHER TRAININGTEACHERSTEACHING EXPERIENCETECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNICAL SKILLSTERTIARY EDUCATIONTERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONSUNEMPLOYMENT RATEUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONUNIVERSITY ENTRANCEUNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMSUNIVERSITY PROGRAMSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL SCHOOLVOCATIONAL SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL TRAININGWORKERSYOUNG PEOPLEYOUTHWorld Bank10.1596/7884