World Bank2012-06-112012-06-112007-03https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7739This study on Jharkhand in India addresses the challenges faced by that new state of India (founded in November 2000) to surmount adverse initial conditions of low average income, very high incidence of poverty, and little social development. In addition, initial health and education indicators in Jharkhand were also markedly unfavorable in comparison to both the all-India average and the major Indian states. The paper points out that in order to put its fiscal house in order, the state needs to introduce reforms for improving resource mobilization, increasing cost effectiveness of expenditure and rationalizing the budgetary processes. Improvement of infrastructure is critically important, and once this has occurred, this will lead to favorable pro-poor changes in the labor market as well. Two opposite views of the development debate are represented by the different degrees of importance given to mining and agriculture. One view contends that the development of the mining sector can usher in a new decade of development in Jharkhand. The second view is that the potential risks associated with the mining sector are high and that agriculture has shown great potential through impressive growth in recent years contributing significantly to poverty reduction and human resource development. Given the strengths and weaknesses of the two options, the present study suggests a middle path, aiming at an inter-temporal balance between the two strategies. The paper stresses that social inclusion and effective citizenship for all are desirable outcomes everywhere, especially in Jharkhand with its sharp social and regional divide. It concludes that political commitment is needed to "make development happen" in the shortest possible time.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO EDUCATIONADMINISTRATIVE COSTSAGRICULTURAL EXTENSIONAGRICULTURAL GROWTHAGRICULTURAL SECTORAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIESANTE-NATAL CAREANTI-POVERTYBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC INFRASTRUCTUREBEHAVIOR CHANGEBIRTH RATEBUSCASH TRANSFERSCHILD DEVELOPMENTCHILD HEALTHCHILD HEALTH CARECHILD NUTRITIONCITIZENCITIZENSHIPCLINICSCOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONCONTRACEPTIVE USECOST EFFECTIVENESSCROP DIVERSIFICATIONDEMOCRACYDEVELOPMENT PLANSDEVELOPMENT POLICYDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDISEASESDISSEMINATIONDISTRIBUTION OF ACCESSDRAINAGEDRINKING WATERDRIP IRRIGATIONDROUGHTDRUGSECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESEGSELDERLYENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTFAMILIESFAMILY HEALTHFARM GROWTHFARM SECTORFARM SELF-EMPLOYMENTFEMALE LITERACYFERTILITYFERTILITY RATEFOOD PRODUCTIONFOOD SECURITYFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREST COVERFORMAL EDUCATIONGENDER DISPARITYGENDER PARITYGENDER PARITY INDEXGRAIN PRODUCTIONGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS ENROLMENT RATIOGROUNDWATERHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH CENTREHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH MANAGEMENTHEALTH SECTORHIGHWAYHIGHWAY AUTHORITYHOUSEHOLD HEADSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD LEVELHUMAN ASSETSHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTHYGIENEILLNESSIMMUNIZATIONINCIDENCE OF POVERTYINCOMEINCOME INEQUALITYINDIGENOUS PEOPLESINDUSTRIALIZATIONINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFORMATION SYSTEMINFORMED CONSENTINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSURANCEIRONIRRIGATIONISOLATIONJOB OPPORTUNITIESLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLAND ASSETSLAND OWNERSHIPLAND SIZELAND TENURELAND-USE PLANNINGLEGISLATORSLEPROSYLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF PRODUCTIVITYLIVE BIRTHSLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL ECONOMYMALARIAMALNUTRITIONMANAGEMENT SYSTEMSMARKETINGMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATEMEASLESMIDWIFEMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMODERNIZATIONNATURAL ENVIRONMENTNATURAL RESOURCESNURSEOLD AGEPARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENTPENSIONSPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPHARMACIESPIERSPOLLUTIONPOLLUTION CONTROLPOORPOOR INFRASTRUCTUREPOPULATION CENSUSPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH RATEPOVERTY GAPPOVERTY HEADPOVERTY INCIDENCEPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MEASURESPOVERTY PROGRAMSPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY HEALTH SERVICESPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOLSPROGRESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH SERVICESPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SPENDINGPURCHASING POWERQUALITY ASSURANCEREMOTE AREASREMOTE DISTRICTSRESOURCE MOBILIZATIONRESPECTRISK MANAGEMENTROAD DEVELOPMENTROUTERURALRURAL AREASRURAL ASSETSRURAL COMMUNITIESRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL ELECTRIFICATIONRURAL EMPLOYMENTRURAL FARMRURAL HEALTHRURAL HOUSEHOLDRURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOMERURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL INCOMERURAL INCOMESRURAL INFRASTRUCTURERURAL POORRURAL POVERTYRURAL POVERTY REDUCTIONRURAL ROADRURAL ROADSRURAL SECTORRURAL SECTORSRURAL URBAN POVERTYSAFE WATERSANITATIONSCHOOL ATTENDANCESECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE PROVISIONSKILLED ATTENDANTSSKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL EQUITYSOCIAL MOBILIZATIONSOCIAL PROGRESSSOCIAL SCIENCESSOCIAL SECTORSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTARGETINGTAXTEACHER RATIOTECHNICAL SKILLSTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSPARENCYTRANSPORTTRANSPORT COSTSTRANSPORTATIONTRUETUBERCULOSISUNMET DEMANDURBAN AREASVACCINATIONVIOLENCEVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONWATER RESOURCESWORKERSWORKFORCEWorld Bank10.1596/7739