Broadman, Harry G.2015-03-132015-03-132000-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21604Many industrial firms in Russia have undergone changes in ownership, but relatively few have been competitively restructured. Using survey and other data, the author suggests that much of Russian industry is immune from robust competition because of heavy vertical integration, geographic segmentation, and the concentration of buyers and sellers, in selected markets. Moreover, regulatory constraints protect incumbent firms from competition with new entrants, both domestic and foreign. The author sketches a reform agenda for Russia's post-privatization program, which emphasizes the restructuring of anti-competitive structures and the reduction of barriers to entry. The author's proposed reform agenda calls broadly for strengthening Russia's nascent rules-based framework for competition policy to reduce discretion, increase transparency, and improve accountability.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOindustrializationenterprise restructuringcompetition (economic)trade barriersintegrationmarket demandmarket competitive advantageregulatory frameworkreform implementationprivatization criteriaanti-competitive practicesbank loansbarriers to entrybranchesbudget constraintsbusiness developmentbusiness environmentcentral planningcoalcollusioncompanycompetition lawcompetition policycompetitorsconsumerscorporate controlcorporate governancedebtdominant firmdownsizingeconomic barrierseconomic powereconomies of scaleeconomistsempirical analysisempirical evidenceempirical studiesemploymententerprise reformentrepreneursEntrepreneurshipexpansionfinancial institutionsfirm sizefirmsforeign direct investmentGDPHorizontal integrationimportsincomeindustrial enterprisesinvestment expenditureslabor forceleasinglegislationlicensinglocal authoritiesmanufacturing enterprisesmarket economiesmarket powermedium size enterprisesmergersmonopoliesmonopolynatural resourcesoilopen economiespersonal savingspolicy makerspolitical economypositive externalitiespredatory pricingprice controlsprice fixingprivate propertyproducersproduct differentiationproduct marketsproductivityprofit marginsproperty rightsrefrigerationsavingssmall businesssmall businessessmall enterprisessmall firmsSMESME developmentSME managersSME sectorstate owned enterprisessunk costssupplierstax concessionstax ratestechnical assistancetransactions coststransition economiesvertical concentration10.1596/1813-9450-2330