World Bank2012-12-062012-12-062012-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/11923The paper aims to provide an overview of the gender disparities in three major domains-human capital, labor market and entrepreneurship. In doing so, it builds on the framework of the World Bank's regional gender report opportunities for men and women: emerging Europe and Central Asia (World Bank, 2011) and the world development report on gender and development (World Bank, 2011). This joint gender assessment work has the objectives of analyzing the gender dimensions of development of the country and proposing a conceptual framework which will assist in explaining gender inequality and recommending public actions for consideration by policy makers and civil society. This report is an input into the larger country gender assessment. In agreement with the other partners, the scope of this report is limited to quantitative analysis of the gender aspects of the human capital development, labor market disparities, entrepreneurship, career advancement and wage differentials, using nationally representative household survey data. The rest of this paper is organized as follows: section one provides an analysis of gender disparities in human capital focusing on education and health outcomes, section two describes men's and women's employment patterns, section three discusses differences in earnings, section four focuses on men's and women's entrepreneurship and possibilities for career advancement in business and politics and section five provides concluding observations.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABORTIONABORTION RATEABUSEACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESACCESS TO JOBACCESSIBILITYADOLESCENT FERTILITYAFFORDABILITYAGRICULTURAL SECTORAGRICULTURAL TRADEALCOHOL ABUSEALCOHOLISMCANCERCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESCAUSES OF DEATHCHILD CARECLIMATE CHANGECONDOMCONDOM USECONDOMSCONTRACEPTIONCONTRACEPTIVE METHODSCONTRACEPTIVE PILLSCONTRACEPTIVESDEVELOPMENT BANKDISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMENDISEASESDIVORCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCEDRUG ABUSEDRUG ADDICTIONDRUGSEARLY MARRIAGESEARNINGSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATED MENEDUCATED WOMENEDUCATION LEVELSEDUCATION QUALIFICATIONEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT STATUSENDOWMENTSENROLLMENTENROLLMENTSENROLMENT RATEENTREPRENEURSEPIDEMICEXPENDITURESFAMILIESFAMILY INCOMEFAMILY MEMBERSFAMILY RESPONSIBILITIESFEMALE MORTALITYFEMALE_ LABOR FORCEFERTILITY RATEFEWER WOMENFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFORMS OF DISCRIMINATIONGENDERGENDER ASPECTSGENDER ASSESSMENTGENDER BIASGENDER DIFFERENCEGENDER DIFFERENCESGENDER DISPARITIESGENDER EQUALITYGENDER GAPGENDER GAP IN ACCESSGENDER GAP IN EDUCATIONGENDER GAP IN PRIMARYGENDER GAPSGENDER INEQUALITYGENDER ISSUESGENDER SEGREGATIONGOVERNMENT POLICIESGROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH SERVICESHIVHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIESHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSEHOLD WORKHOUSEHOLDSHUMAN CAPITALHUSBANDSILLNESSIMMUNIZATIONINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINJECTING DRUG USERSINTERNAL MIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL FINANCEINTRAUTERINE DEVICESIUDIUDSJOB OPPORTUNITIESLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLACK OF ACCESSLAND OWNERSHIPLARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLELEGAL STATUSLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLITERACY RATESLIVE BIRTHSLIVING CONDITIONSLIVING STANDARDSLOW-INCOME COUNTRYMARGINAL GROUPSMARITAL STATUSMARKET ECONOMYMARRIED MENMARRIED WOMENMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL HEALTH OUTCOMESMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATEMATERNAL MORTALITY RATESMATERNITY LEAVEMEDICAL CONDITIONSMEDICAL PERSONNELMEDICAL PROFESSIONALSMEDICAL SERVICESMIGRANTMIGRANT WOMENMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINORITYMOTHERMOTHER TO CHILDMOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSIONNATIONAL LEVELNEW INFECTIONSNUMBER OF BIRTHSNUMBER OF CHILDRENNUMBER OF DEATHSNUMBER OF PEOPLENUMBER OF WOMENOLD AGEOPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMENPENSIONSPLACE OF RESIDENCEPOLICY CONCERNPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLITICAL INSTABILITYPOOR HEALTHPOOR MATERNAL HEALTHPOOR NUTRITIONPRACTITIONERSPREGNANCIESPREGNANCY COMPLICATIONSPREGNANT WOMENPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL AGEPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCTIVE YEARSPROGRESSPUBLIC SERVICESQUALITY OF EDUCATIONREFERRAL SYSTEMREGISTRATION SYSTEMSREMITTANCESRISK OF DEATHROLE MODELSRURAL AREASRURAL POPULATIONRURAL POVERTYRURAL WOMENSAFE SEXSCHOLARSHIPSCHOOL CHILDRENSCHOOL CURRICULUMSCHOOL STUDENTSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY ENROLMENTSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOLSSEX PRACTICESSKILLED WORKERSSMALL ENTERPRISESSOCIAL BARRIERSSOCIAL CONDITIONSSOCIAL NORMSSOCIAL SCIENCESSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL UNRESTTEENAGE PREGNANCYTERTIARY EDUCATIONTRANSPORTATIONTUBERCULOSISUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT RATESUNFPAUNIONUNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUNDUNIVERSAL ACCESSUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONUNPROTECTED SEXURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERSURBAN POPULATIONURBAN WOMENUSE OF CONTRACEPTIVESVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMENVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL TRAININGVULNERABILITYWAGE DIFFERENTIALSWOMANWOMEN IN PARLIAMENTYOUNG MENYOUNG PEOPLEWorld Bank10.1596/11923